Številka 2/2004 ~ Issue 2/2004

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Simon Krek: Slovarji serije COBUILD in formalizacija definicijskega jezika. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2004. 3–16.
Angleški enojezični slovarji iz serije COBUILD so pred poldrugim desetletjem v (britanskem) enojezičnem slovaropisju povzročili svojevrstno revolucijo. Pred nekaj leti je na podlagi enega od njih nastala tudi dvojezična serija slovarjev, imenovana COBUILD BRIDGE, med njimi tudi Angleško-slovenski slovar BRIDGE . Članek obravnava teoretsko zasnovo slovarjev COBUILD z značilnim korpusnim izhodiščem in celostavčnim definicijskim slogom ter njen prenos v dvojezično okolje.

Simon Krek: Dictionaries of the COBUILD Series and the Formalization of the Whole-sentence Definition Language. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2004. 3–16.
A decade and a half ago, English monolingual dictionaries from the COBUILD series initiated a mini-revolution in (English) monolingual lexicography. A few years ago, a series of bilingual dictionaries called the COBUILD BRIDGE dictionaries have emerged, which included the English-Slovenian Bridge Dictionary . The article presents the theoretical concept behind the COBUILD series with its specific corpus origins and whole-sentence definition style, as well as its transfer into a bilingual environment.



Hotimir Tivadar: Priprava, izvedba in pomen perceptivnih testov za fonetično-fonološke raziskave (na primeru analize fonoloških parov). Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2004. 17–36.
V članku predstavljeni perceptivni testi, pripravljeni po vzoru praške fonetične šole, so poskus objektivizacije raziskovanja in ustreznega vrednotenja govorjenega jezika, kar bo prav gotovo pomembno prispevalo k raziskovanju slovenskega jezika kot empirično preverljive danosti. Pri slušni analizi je še posebej pomembna ustrezna priprava in izvedba preverjanja določenih fonetičnih lastnosti. Raziskovali smo razpoznavanje nekaterih segmentnih (fonemov /e/ in /E/ ter /o/ in /O/) in nadsegmentnih značilnosti (fonološkost trajanja pri fonemih /a/, /i/, /u/).

Hotimir Tivadar: Design, Implementation and Significance of Perception Tests for Phonetic and Phonological Research (the Case of Phonological Pairs). Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2004. 17–36.
The perception tests illustrated in the article, designed according to the Prague School of Phonetics, are an attempt to make the research and appropriate evaluation of spoken language objective, which will undoubtedly contribute to the research of the Slovene language as something that can be empirically tested. What is really important in listening comprehension is an adequate design and implementation of testing certain phonetic properties. The focus of research was the recognition of certain segments (phonemes /e/ and /E/, and /o/ and /O/) and supra-segmental features (the phonological length of phonemes /a/, /i/, /u/).



Jerica Vogel: Razvijanje razumevanja in vrednotenja govorjenega besedila. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2004. 37–56.
Bistveno vprašanje, zastavljeno v prispevku, je, ali je za razvijanje sporazumevalne zmožnosti dovolj le sporazumevalna izkušnja ali pa je treba o praksi tudi razmišljati in jo opisovati. Pregledane so ugotovitve o poteku razumevanja in spretnostih, ki omogočajo učinkovito poslušanje, ter predstavljena odprta mesta, ki povzročajo nesporazume. Na podlagi ugotovitev, da je le-te mogoče reševati le z refleksijo (metakognicijo), so izoblikovani cilji, vsebine in metode razvijanja poslušanja v prvem letniku gimnazije in ob veljavnem učnem načrtu ter učbeniku oblikovan model vključevanja dodatnih dejavnosti.

Jerica Vogel: Developing Understanding and Evaluation of Spoken Language. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2004. 37–56.
The main question posed in the article is whether it is enough for the development of communicative ability to have experience in communication, or should the practice also be reflected on and described. The findings on the process of understanding and the skills enabling effective listening are examined; areas causing misunderstanding are also presented. Based on the findings that such areas can be avoided only through reflection (meta-cognition), the aims, contents and methods of developing listening comprehension in the first year of grammar school are created, and, based on a valid syllabus and textbooks, a method for the incorporation of extracurricular activities is formed.



Silvija Borovnik: Prozaist Kajetan Kovič. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2004. 57–61.
Pričujoči prispevek želi opozoriti, da smo Kajetana Koviča preveč in prepogosto navajeni opazovati »le« kot izjemnega pesnika, ki daje klasično ubrano lepoto, barvo in ton sodobnejši slovenski poeziji. Pri tem pa žal prepogosto pozabljamo na njegova zelo zanimiva prozna dela, ki sodijo zagotovo med vrhunce v pripovedni prozi ob koncu dvajsetega stoletja.

Silvija Borovnik: Writer Kajetan Kovič. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2004. 57–61.
The article points out that Kajetan Kovič is far too frequently researched “only” as an outstanding poet, who provides contemporary Slovene poetry with classic, harmonious beauty, colour and tone. Unfortunately, more frequently than not, his interesting prose work is neglected, although it can undoubtedly be considered among the best prose written at the end of the 20th century.



Jožica Čeh: Dunajska predmestna deklica pri Ivanu Cankarju in Arthurju Schnitzlerju. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2004. 63–72.
Ivan Cankar in Arthur Schnitzler sta na prelomu iz 19. v 20. stoletje tematizirala dunajsko predmestje in tam živečo deklico, najpogosteje šiviljo iz proletarskega ali malomeščanskega okolja. Cankarjeva predmestna deklica ne pozna erotične lahkoživosti in otožne očarljivosti Schnitzlerjeve »süsses Mädel«, je še napol otrok, vendar že postarana, zmeraj zamišljena, obremenjena s skrbjo za preživetje, pogosto priča ali žrtev spolnega nasilja; iz grdega telesa in vsakdanjega življenja v predmestju, ki ga občuti kot ječo, pobega v hrepenenjski svet čiste lepote, a to jo pogosto vodi tudi v smrt. V upodabljanju predmestne deklice obstajajo med slovenskim in avstrijskim pisateljem velike razlike, pogosta tematizacija smrti v povezavi z umetnostjo, kriza identitete, estetizacija življenja pa so teme, ki ju tudi povezujejo.

Jožica Čeh: Vienna Suburban Girl in the Works of Ivan Cankar and Arthur Schnitzler. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2004. 63–72.
At the turn of the 19th century into the 20th century, Ivan Cankar and Arthur Schnitzler chose as their main theme the Vienna suburbs and a girl living in that milieu, most frequently coming from the proletarian or bourgeois background. Cankar's suburban girl is not familiar with the erotic frivolousness and melancholic charm of Schnitzler's “süsses Mädel”; she is still half-child, although aged, still absorbed in thoughts, burdened with care for survival, frequently a witness to, or a victim of sexual abuse. From an ugly body and ordinary life in the suburbs, which she is experiencing as a prison, she escapes into the yearning world of pure beauty, though this often leads to her death. Great differences can be found between the Slovene and Austrian authors in the portrayal of this suburban female figure; however, the frequently employed topic of death correlated to art, identity crisis, and aestheticism of life are the themes linking the two authors.



Florence Gacoin - Marks: Slovenski roman po sledovih evropskega naturalizma – usode posameznikov in socialna vprašanja v Kapitanovih Miška Kranjca. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2004. 73–84.
Kapitanovi so oblikovani kot roman na treh ravneh: družinski, družbeni in posameznikovi ravni. Po zgledu naturalističnih romanov postavljajo v ospredje propad neke družine, v kateri se očitno uresničujejo medsebojni vplivi med posameznikom in okoljem. Slovenija v tridesetih letih še vedno ni bila zasičena z naturalističnim romanom. Velik naturalistični roman, kakršen se je razvil v nekaterih drugih književnostih na koncu 19. stoletja, pomeni v slovenskem romanopisju skoraj novo zvrst. Tako s tematskega kot strukturnega in naratološkega zornega kota se Kapitanovi umeščajo med najzgodnejše naturalistične romane: soočenje posameznika in njegovih prirojenih lastnosti z okoljem, upodobitev propada, ubeseditev zgodbe kot »izseka življenja« in razširjena uporaba personalnega pripovedovalca so prvine, zaradi katerih je ta roman nedvomno pozna, a popolna uveljavitev naturalizma.

Florence Gacoin - Marks: The Slovene Novel Following the Footsteps of European Naturalism – the Fates of Individuals and Social Questions in Kapitanovi ( The Capitan’s ) by Miško Kranjec. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2004. 73–84.
Kapitanovi is written as a novel on three levels: on a family level, a social level and the level of the individual. Following the example of the naturalist novel, this novel foregrounds the decay of a family in which the interpersonal effects of a relationship between an individual and the environment are clearly achieved. In the thirties of the previous century, Slovenia had not yet been saturated with naturalist novel writing. A great naturalist novel, as developed in some other literatures at the end of the 19th century, is almost a new genre within Slovene novel writing. From both the thematic, as well as the structural and narrative viewpoint Kapitanovi is placed among the earliest naturalist novels; the facing of an individual and their inborn traits with the environment, the portrayal of decay, writing the story as “ a slice of life ” and the extensive use of a personal narrator, are all features which make this novel an undoubtedly late, but complete assertion of naturalism.