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Številka 2/2020 ~ Issue 2/2020
Alenka Šivic Dular: Slavistika na Univerzi v Gradcu in slovenski doktorji filozofije 1870–1919. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 3–21.
Od ustanovitve stolice za slovansko jezikoslovje (1870) in stolice za slovansko filologijo s posebnim ozirom na slovenski jezik in literaturo (1896) do konca prve svetovne vojne (1918) so na graški univerzi poučevali profesorji Gregor Krek (1867–1902), Vatroslav Oblak (1892–1896), Karel Štrekelj (1896–1912), Matija Murko (1902–1917), Rajko Nahtigal (1913–1919). Po študiju slovanske filologije kot glavnega predmeta pa so z jezikoslovno disertacijo promovirali trije slovenski doktorandi: Jakob Sket, Anton Breznik in Fran Ramovš. Akademski karieri se je posvetil Ramovš, medtem ko sta Sket in Breznik strokovno in/ali znanstveno delovala ob gimnazijski profesuri. Čeprav so živeli in delovali v različnih družbenih in kulturnih okoliščinah, jih je povezovala zavest o izjemnem pomenu izobraževanja in razvoja znanosti v lastnem jeziku za kulturno rast posameznika in za kulturno napredovanje celotne skupnosti. Prav generacije slovenskih študentov s preloma 19. in 20. stoletja so tudi strokovno dozorele do te stopnje, da so po prevratu leta 1918 dosegle ustanovitev slovenske univerze, ki je dolgoročno in nepovratno spremenila izobrazbeni zemljevid slovenskega prostora, s tem pa odpirala pot tudi k moderni družbi znanosti.
Ključne besede: slavistika, slovenistika, jezikoslovje, doktorati, Gradec
From the establishment of the first professorship in Slavic philology in 1870 and the second (with a special emphasis on Slovenian language and literature) in 1896, to the vacating of these positions after the First World War, the following Slovenian professors taught at the University of Graz: Gregor Krek (1867–1902), Vatroslav Oblak (1892–1896), Karel Štrekelj (1896–1912), Matija Murko (1902–1917) and Rajko Nahtigal (1913–1919). However, after specialising in Slavic philology, only three Slovenians earned a doctorate with a dissertation in linguistics: Jakob Sket, Anton Breznik and Fran Ramovš. Among the younger PhD holders, only Ramovš pursued an academic career, while the professional and research activity of Sket and Breznik evolved in parallel with their careers as high school teachers. Even though they lived at different times and in different social and cultural conditions, they shared an awareness of the exceptional importance of education and the development of science in one’s own language for the individual’s cultural growth and the cultural advancement of the entire community. The Slovenians who had earned their doctorates in Graz and elsewhere around 1900 matured professionally to such an extent that after the establishment of Yugoslavia in 1918, they were able to vigorously advocate the establishment of the first Slovenian university. In the long term, this university irreversibly improved the Slovenian educational landscape, opening a path to a modern knowledge-based society.
Keywords: Slavic studies, Slovenian studies, linguistics, PhD holders, Graz
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2020|2|5-23
Tone Smolej: Graške disertacije s področja slovenske literarne vede. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 23–32.
Članek obravnava disertacije s področja slovenske literarne vede, ki so jih doktorandi slovenskega rodu napisali v Seminarju za slovansko filologijo Univerze Karla in Franca med letoma 1881 in 1915.
Ključne besede: doktorske disertacije, slovenska literarna veda, Seminar za slovansko filologijo v Gradcu
Tone Smolej: Doctoral Dissertations in Slovenian Literary Studies Written in Graz. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 23–32.
The paper surveys the doctoral dissertations in the field of Slovenian literary studies that were written by PhD candidates of Slovenian origin at the Seminar for Slavic Philology, Charles-Ferdinand University, between 1881 and 1915.
Keywords: doctoral dissertations, Slovenian literary studies, Seminar for Slavic Philology in Graz
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2020|2|25-34
Aleksandra Krasovec: Priseljenski medsvetovi v proznih delih G. Vojnovića, Z. Kneževića, D. Matković in F. Plohla. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 33–45.
V članku analiziramo prozna dela štirih avtorjev, ki imajo priseljensko poreklo iz držav bivše Jugoslavije in tematizirajo priseljenstvo tudi v svojem ustvarjalnem delu: romana G. Vojnovića Čefurji raus! (2008) in Figa (2016), prozni zbirki Dijane Matković V imenu očeta (2013) in Zorana Kneževića Dvoživke umirajo dvakrat (2014) ter roman Feliksa Plohla Vsi moji grehi (2019). Poseben fokus smo namenili pojmu »medsvet« (ali »tretji prostor«), ki je vmesni prostor med svetom domovine ali domovine staršev ter svetom države gostiteljice, v katerih živijo imigranti, in v danem polju ustvarjajo svojo transkulturno ali transnacionalno književnost. Hibridni značaj tega prostora, ki ga odražajo v svojih delih, deluje kot območje medkulturnega posredovanja, povezovanja in prevajanja. Pokaže se razlika v izražanju tega procesa med prvo in drugo generacijo pisateljev – priseljencev, in sicer v stopnji konfliktnosti, prepletenosti dveh svetov in njuni metareflekciji.
Ključne besede: sodobna slovenska književnost, priseljenska proza, tema priseljenstva v književnosti, priseljenski medsvet, transkulturnost, Goran Vojnović, Dijana Matković, Zoran Knežević, Feliks Plohl
Aleksandra Krasovec: Immigrant Inter-Worlds in Prose Works by G. Vojnović, Z. Knežević, D. Matković and F. Plohl. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 33–45.
We analyse the prose works of four authors who have immigrant backgrounds from the countries of the former Yugoslavia, and who express this specific situation in their creative work: Goran Vojnović’s novels Čefurji raus! (2008) and Figa (2016), prose collections by Dijana Matković On Behalf of Her Father (2013) and Zoran Knezević Amphibians Die Twice (2014), and the novel by Feliks Plohl All My Sins (2019). Particular emphasis is given to the concept of “inter-world” (or “third space”), which is used in the sense of an intermediate space between the different immigrant worlds: the homeland or the parental country and the host country. It is in this given field that the writers create their own transcultural or transnational literature. The hybrid character of the space reflected in their works thus acts as a space for intercultural mediation, connection and translation. There is a difference in the expression of this process between the first and second generations of immigrant writers, in the degree of conflict, the interweaving of two worlds and their meta-reflection.
Keywords: contemporary Slovenian literature, immigrant prose, the topic of immigrants in literature, immigrant inter-world, transculturality, Goran Vojnović, Dijana Matković, Zoran Knezević, Feliks Plohl
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2020|2|35-47
Eva Pori: Primer Oder 57: poskus rekonstrukcije estetike igralskega govornega in telesnega izraza. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 47–61.
Prispevek izhaja iz dejstva, da je Oder 57 z vidika obravnave oblikovanja igralskega govornega izraza precej zapostavljen. V slovenskem gledališkem prostoru primanjkuje raziskav, ki bi se nanašale izključno na obravnavo razmerja govornega (s poudarkom na glasovnem sloju govora) in telesnega izraza ter bile podprte z natančnejšimi analizami in jasno metodološko interdisciplinarno mislijo. Razprava prinaša poskus rekonstrukcije estetike igre Odra 57 s poudarkom na oblikovanju igralskega govornega in telesnega izraza ter fokusom na analizi in opisu njunega medsebojnega razmerja. Na konkretnem primeru (Dane Zajc: Otroka reke) ter skozi kritiški in igralski aspekt Vena Tauferja in Kristijana Mucka prinaša poskus definiranja razmerja med igralskim govornim (glasovnim) in telesnim izrazom v uprizoritvah Odra 57, predstavljena rekonstrukcijska metoda in ugotovitve pa bodo koristne za primerljive teatrološke raziskave.
Ključne besede: Oder 57, igralčev govor, igralčevo telo, glas
Eva Pori: The Case of Oder 57: An Attempt to Reconstruct the Aesthetics of the Actors’ Speech and Body Expression. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 47–61.
The paper focuses on the lack of representation of Oder 57 in terms of the treatment of the actors’ voice expression. In Slovenian theatre studies, there is a lack of research focusing on the relationship between speech (with an emphasis on the voice layer of speech) and body expression supported by more detailed analyses and a clear methodologically interdisciplinary approach. The present discussion is an attempt to reconstruct the aesthetics of Oder 57 with an emphasis on the formation of the actors’ speech and body expression, focusing on an analysis and description of their relationship. Using the specific example of Otroka reke by Dane Zajc, and analysing the critical and acting aspects of Veno Taufer and Kristijan Muck, the paper attempts to define the relationship between the actors’ speech (voice) and body expression in the productions of Oder 57. The presented reconstructive method and findings will be useful for comparable research in theatre studies.
Keywords: Oder 57, actors’ speech, actors’ body, voice
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2020|2|49-63
Tomaž Toporišič: Zajčeve pesniške igre onstran dramskega. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 63–73.
Članek se ukvarja s posebnostjo Zajčevih pesniških iger, dialogom med dramatiko in poezijo, s pomočjo katerega je temeljni avtor slovenskega neomodernizma v veliki meri soustvaril formo poetične drame. Na primerih iz njegove dramatike bomo prikazali, kako Zajc dramsko prešije z radikalno ostro metaforiko in metonimiko svoje poezije, kako je absolutnost njegovih dram samo navidezna. Fabulo in siže spravlja Zajc v posebne vrste dialog, v katerem se vzporedno dogajata remitizacija in demitizacija. Zajčeva lirska, poetična ali pesniška drama proizvaja posebne vrste sprostitve novih možnosti teksta za gledališče onstran dramskega. Dramsko formo odpira poeziji z vso njeno fantazijsko, irealno ali ponotranjeno vizijo sveta. Prednost daje sugeriranju, imaginarnemu ali metaforičnemu oziroma plurivalentnemu jeziku. Tako nastaja neka drugačna teatralnost, forma, ki je dovzetna za »sekundarizacije«, za relativizacijo, preseganje, pobeg (naprej) v deleuzovskem smislu.
Ključne besede: pesniška igra, Dane Zajc, drugačna teatralnost, gledališče onstran dramskega, neomodernizem
Tomaž Toporišič: The Plays of Dane Zajc beyond Drama. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 63–73.
The paper deals with a distinctive feature of Zajc’s poetic plays, a specific dialogue between drama and poetry through which the leading author of Slovenian Neomodernism largely co-created the form of poetic drama. Using examples from his plays, we will show how Zajc mixes drama with the radical sharp metaphorics and metonymy of his poetry. Zajc places plot and theme in special types of dialogue in which mythisation and demythisation take place in parallel. The lyrical or poetic drama of Dane Zajc produces new textual possibilities for theatre beyond drama. It opens the dramatic form to poetry with all its fantasy and its unrealistic or internalised vision of the world. It favours suggestive, imaginary or metaphorical or plurivalent language. This creates a specific theatricality, a form that is susceptible to “secondaryization”, to relativisation, to transcend, to escape (further) in a Deleuzian sense.
Keywords: poetic play, Dane Zajc, other theatrality, theatre beyond the drama, Neomodernism
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2020|2|65-75
Mateja Pezdirc Bartol: Dramatika Ivana Cankarja med inovativnostjo in družbeno stvarnostjo . Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 75–88.
Cankar je imel izjemen občutek za analizo družbene situacije na Slovenskem kot tudi zmožnost za generalizacijo njenih zakonitosti, pri čemer je vedno izhajal iz svoje neposredne stvarnosti, iz sveta, v katerem je živel. V dramski opus je zaobjel politično situacijo na Slovenskem, gospodarske in socialne razmere kot tudi moralno stanje takratne družbe. V članku bomo v razvojnem loku analizirali vseh sedem dramskih besedil, pri čemer bomo pozorni na razmerje med zunanjo snovjo ter iskanjem oblikovno, jezikovno in slogovno inovativnega načina ubeseditve. Zanimala nas bo dramska forma ter novosti pri uvajanju dramskih vrst oziroma žanrov.
Ključne besede: slovenska dramatika, Ivan Cankar, dramska forma, dramske vrste, zunanja snov
Mateja Pezdirc Bartol: The Plays of Ivan Cankar between Innovation and Social Reality. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 75–88.
Cankar brought an extraordinary perceptiveness to his analysis of the social situation in the Slovenian lands, as well as an aptitude for generalising about its regularities, always starting from his immediate reality, from the world in which he lived. In his dramatic works, he captured both the political situation and the economic and social conditions in the Slovenian lands, as well as the moral condition of society at the time. In this article, we analyse all seven dramatic texts in their arc of development, with attention to the relationship between the external subject matter and the quest for a formally, linguistically and stylistically innovative formulation. We are here interested in dramatic form and novelties in the introduction of dramatic genres.
Keywords: Slovenian drama, Ivan Cankar, dramatic form, dramatic genres, external subject matter
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2020|2|77-90
Alojzija Zupan Sosič: Tujci, prvi roman Ivana Cankarja. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 89–100.
Prvi roman Ivana Cankarja Tujci (1901) je presegel nivo dotedanjih slovenskih romanov z več lastnostmi; v razpravi sem se poglobljeno posvetila dvema izvirnostma, tj. esejizaciji in žanrskemu sinkretizmu. Pri razlagi digresivne inovativnosti sem se dotaknila temeljnih antagonizmov Cankarjeve pripovedi, izraženih skozi ironijo in satiro, ki ju usmerja močna (socialna oziroma socialistična) empatija. V analizi žanrske inovativnosti sem upoštevala žanrski sinkretizem in trojni ljubezenski neuspeh razlagala kot trojno odtujenost – tujost domovine in tujine, umetnosti in dela, ženske in družine –, na koncu pa sem vse odtujenosti sintetizirala še s prepadom med mestom in predmestjem. Obravnava prvega Cankarjevega romana ni nakazala samo obrisov bodoče romaneskne poetike, ampak tudi Cankarjev filozofski potencial, ki se odraža v pronicljivem demaskiranju pojavov.
Ključne besede: Tujci, esejizacija, žanrski sinkretizem, trojna tujost, miselna jedra
Alojzija Zupan Sosič: Tujci, Ivana Cankar’s First Novel. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 89–100.
Ivan Cankar’s first novel Tujci (Strangers, 1901) surpassed the level of previous Slovenian novels in many ways. The paper examines two innovations in depth: essayisation (discursivity) and genre syncretism. In explaining digressive innovation, I shed light on the fundamental antagonisms of Cankar’s narrative, expressed through irony and satire, directed by strong (social or socialist) empathy. I consider genre syncretism and interpret triple love failure as triple alienation – alienation from the homeland and a foreign country, from art and work, and from women and family – and finally synthesise all of these alienations through the gap between town and countryside. The complex research indicates not only the outlines of future novelistic poetics, but also Cankar’s philosophical potential, reflected in the thought cores and their subtle unmasking of various phenomena.
Keywords: Tujci, essayisation, genre syncretism, philosophical potential
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2020|2|91-102
Andrea Leskovec: Utopije ljubezni v Cankarjevem romanu Milan in Milena. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 101–112.
Predmet pričujočega prispevka je roman Milan in Milena Ivana Cankarja, ki velja za eden prvih erotičnih romanov slovenske literature. Čeprav je Cankar kot prvi slovenski pisatelj problematiziral področje spolnosti in erotike nasploh, roman doslej v tem pogledu ni bil deležen podrobnejše analize. Zato se razprava osredotoči na fenomen erosa, ki se v romanu manifestira v vsej svoji ambivalentnosti: kot nerazpoložljivost drugega, ki privede v neskončno poželenje, in kot transgresija v širšem pomenu besede.
Ključne besede: Ivan Cankar, eros, erotični roman, transgresija
Andrea Leskovec: Utopia of Love in Cankar’s Novel Milan and Milena. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 101–112.
The subject of this paper is the novel Milan and Milena by Ivan Cankar, which is considered one of the first erotic novels in Slovenian literature. Although Cankar was the first Slovenian writer to problematise the field of sexuality and eroticism in general, the novel has so far not received a detailed analysis in this regard. Therefore, the discussion focuses on the phenomenon of eros, which manifests itself in the novel in all its ambivalence: as the unavailability of the other that leads to infinite lust, and as transgression in the broadest sense of the word.
Keywords: Ivan Cankar, eros, erotic novel, transgression
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2020|2|103-114
Agnieszka Będkowska-Kopczyk: Iz ljubezni in zaradi ljubezni. Čustva kot vzroki človekovih odzivov v luči konstrukcij s predlogi. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 113–127.
V članku preučujem slovenske konstrukcije z vzročnim predlogom zaradi in prostorskimi od, v in iz, ki se uporabljajo za izražanje čustva kot notranjega vzroka človekovega vedenja. Izhajam iz predpostavke, da izbira predloga ni arbitrarna, ampak je pogojena s konceptualnimi in pragmatičnimi dejavniki. Dokazujem, da je izbira prostorskega predloga pogojena s tem, ali se čustvo dojema kot sila, ki nadzoruje človeka in njegovo ravnanje, ali kot sila, ki jo nadzoruje človek. Predlog zaradi ponuja razlago vzročnega razmerja med čustvom in posledičnim dogodkom, zato ga lahko uporabljamo ne glede na to, ali se dano čustvo dojema kot nadzorovano ali nenadzorovano.
Ključne besede: predlogi, čustva, vzročnost
Agnieszka Będkowska-Kopczyk: Expressing Emotion as a Cause of Human Behaviour by Means of Prepositional Phrases. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 113–127.
The article examines Slovenian constructions with the causal preposition zaradi ‘because of’ and the spatial prepositions od ‘from’, iz ‘out of’, and v ‘in’ that portray emotions as an inner cause of human behaviour. It is argued that the choice of preposition is not arbitrary but determined by conceptual and pragmatic factors. The study shows that the choice of a spatial preposition depends on whether the emotion is perceived as a controllable or uncontrollable force. In contrast, the preposition zaradi ‘because of’ provides an explanation of the causal relation between the emotion and the resulting event, and can therefore be used regardless of whether the emotion is perceived as controlled or not.
Keywords: prepositions, emotion, causality
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2020|2|115-129
Nuša Ščuka: Spolno občutljiv jezik v govorjenem diskurzu. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 129–140.
Prispevek se osredotoča na spolno občutljiv jezik, naslavljanje in stereotipe v vodenih televizijskih oddajah v živo. S tega vidika bomo ugotavljali, kako se kaže spolno občutljiv jezik pri naslavljanju, kakšna je uporaba generičnega moškega spola in morebitna prisotnost stereotipov v govorjenem ¬– spontanem formalnem javnem diskurzu. Predvidevamo, da se bodo v oddajah pokazale razlike med spoloma. Ugotovitve bodo prikazane kot razlike med moškimi in ženskami v govorjenem diskurzu.
Ključne besede: spolno občutljiv jezik, naslavljanje, stereotipi, spontani formalni javni diskurz
Nuša Ščuka: Gender Sensitive Use of Language in Spoken Discourse. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 129–140.
The article presents gender sensitive use of language, addressing and stereotypes in live television shows. From this point of view, we will determine how the gender sensitive use of language and the possible presence of stereotypes can be seen in spontaneous formal public discourse. We assume that the shows demonstrate gender differences. The findings are presented as differences between the treatment of men and women.
Keywords: gender sensitive language, stereotypes, addressing, spontaneous formal public discourse
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2020|2|131-142
Maja Bitenc: Posebna številka revije Teorija in praksa. Slovenščina v javnosti po 40 letih. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 141–146.
Maja Bitenc: Special issue of the journal Theory and Practice. Slovenian in Public after 40 Years. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 141–146.
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2020|2|143-148
Alenka Žbogar: Boža Krakar Vogel. Didaktika književnosti pri pouku slovenščine. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 147–148.
Alenka Žbogar: Boža Krakar Vogel. Didaktika književnosti pri pouku slovenščine. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2020. 147–148.
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2020|2|149-150