Številka 5/2006 ~ Issue 5/2006

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Maja Savorgnani: Drama absurda kot izvor komedij Dušana Jovanovića. Jezik in slovstvo. 5/2006. 3–13.
Članek analizira štiri komedije Dušana Jovanovića: Znamke, nakar še Emilija (1969), Življenje podeželskih plejbojev po drugi svetovni vojni ali tuje hočemo – svojega na damo (1972), Viktor ali Dan mladosti (1989) in Klinika Kozarcky (1999). Pri tem se osredotoča na povezavo med komedijo in dramo absurda, saj je ta dramska konvencija igrala odločilno vlogo pri pomembnem delu njegovega opusa. Z analizo posameznih prvin dokazuje, da posebno mesto komike v okviru drame absurda vpliva na drugačno naravo smeha in da je ena najpomembnejših sprememb pri Jovanovićevi transformaciji tradicionalne komedije v moderno porušen koncept identitete dramskih likov. Druge posebnosti, ki privedejo do tega, da njegove komedije niso (zgolj) smešne, pa so spremenjena vloga jezika, odsotnost zgodbe in pojav družbenokritičnih elementov.

Maja Savorgnani: The Theatre of the Absurd as a Source of Comedies by Dušan Jovanović. Jezik in slovstvo. 5/2006. 3–13.
The article analyses four comedies by Dušan Jovanović: Znamke, nakar še Emilija (Stamps, and then Emilija, 1969), Življenje podeželskih plejbojev po drugi svetovni vojni ali tuje hočemo – svojega na damo (The Life of a Provincial Playboy after the Second World War or We Want What’s Foreign and Won’t Give Away What’s Ours, 1972), Viktor ali Dan mladosti (Victor or Youth Day, 1989) and Klinika Kozarcky (Kozarcky Clinic, 1999). The analysis focuses on the correlation between comedy and the theatre of the absurd, as this dramatic convention played a decisive role in a considerable part of his writings. Through the analysis of individual elements, the article shows that the special place assigned to comedy within the theatre of the absurd has an impact on a different nature of laughter, and that one of the most important changes in Jovanović's transformation of traditional comedy into modern comedy is the destroyed concept of the identity of dramatic personae. Other peculiarities which make his comedies not (just) funny are the changed role of language, the lack of story, and the presence of socio-critical elements.



Jožica Čeh: O Potrčevi predvojni pripovedni prozi. Jezik in slovstvo. 5/2006. 15–23.
Od začetka tridesetih let dvajsetega stoletja do druge svetovne vojne je Ivan Potrč napisal eno povest (Sin) ter čez trideset novel in črtic. Razen v paraboličnih novelah, ki so dogajalno postavljene na Kitajsko, je v Potrčevi pripovedni prozi pred drugo svetovno vojno tematizirana pisateljeva vzhodnoštajerska pokrajina s kmečko-vaškimi literarnimi osebami, v ospredju sta njihova socialno-etična problematika ter elementarna erotika. Potrčeva proza kaže opazne regionalne značilnosti, ob pokrajinsko zamejenih literarnih prostorih in štajerskih kmečko-vaških osebah kažejo na to tudi nekateri pokrajinsko in lokalno obarvani narečni izrazi v sicer knjižnem jeziku pisane in za vseslovenski prostor namenjene pripovedne proze. Prispevek opozarja tudi na vlogo nekaterih jezikovnoslogovnih značilnosti v Potrčevi predvojni prozi, zlasti na povezanost teh sredstev z značajskimi lastnostmi literarnih oseb.

Jožica Čeh: On Pre-war Prose by Ivan Potrč. Jezik in slovstvo. 5/2006. 15–23.
From the beginning of the 1930s up to the Second World War Ivan Potrč wrote one tale (Sin, or Son in English) and over thirty novellas and short stories. Except for the parabolic novellas set in China, Potrč's prose before the Second World War portrays the writer’s eastern Štajerska region with its peasant/rural literary personae, foregrounding their social and ethical problems, and elementary eroticism. His prose shows notable regional characteristics; in addition to the regionally bound literary milieu and the Štajerska peasant/rural personae, this is also evident in some regional and local dialect expressions, in an otherwise standard language used not only in his writing, but also intended for other prose works written in Slovenia. The article highlights the role of some linguistic and stylistic features in Potrč’s pre-war prose, in particular the relation between these devices and the character traits of his literary personae.



Iztok Kosem: Definicijski jezik v Slovarju slovenskega knjižnega jezika s stališča sodobnih leksikografskih načel. Jezik in slovstvo. 5/2006. 25–45.
Definicijski jezik je v enojezičnih slovarjih v zadnjih dveh desetletjih doživel precej sprememb, čeprav se osnovna pravila definiranja od samega začetka leksikografije niso bistveno spremenila. Prihod elektronskih besedilnih korpusov je leksikografom ponudil nove možnosti pri oblikovanju uporabnikom čim bolj prijaznih definicij. V prvem delu članka se osredotočimo na tipe definicij in na pravila definiranja, ki so se uveljavila v tujejezični, predvsem angleški leksikografiji. V drugem delu preverimo, v kolikšni meri so pravila definiranja upoštevana v Slovarju slovenskega knjižnega jezika, pri čemer se opiramo na podatke, ki jih je mogoče pridobiti iz referenčnega korpusa slovenskega jezika FIDA. Na ta način Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika ovrednotimo s stališča pristopa k definicijskemu jeziku danes, kar je sicer zaradi neobstoja korpusov v času nastanka slovarja deloma sporno, vendar pa zaradi razširjenosti rabe Slovarja slovenskega knjižnega jezika in nerazpoložljivosti alternativnih in sodobnejših enojezičnih slovarjev nadvse informativno in uporabno.

Iztok Kosem: Definition Language in the Dictionary of Standard Slovene from the Point of Modern Lexicographic Principles. Jezik in slovstvo. 5/2006. 25–45.
In the last two decades the definition language in monolingual dictionaries has undergone a number of changes, although the basic rules of defining have not changed considerably since the beginning of lexicography. The arrival of electronic text corpora has offered new ways of forming user-friendly definitions. The first part of the article focuses on the types of definitions and rules of defining which have won recognition in foreign, mainly English, lexicography. In the second part of the article, the author tests to what extent the rules of defining are taken into consideration in the Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika (Dictionary of Standard Slovene), based on the data which can be extracted from the FIDA reference corpus of the Slovene language. In this way, the Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika is evaluated from the point of the current approach to definition language. This may be considered partly controversial due to the non-existence of such corpora at the time of the dictionary’s creation; however, because of the wide circulation and usage of the Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika and unavailability of alternative and modern monolingual dictionaries, it is most informative and useful.



Urška Perenič: Smernice za delo jezikovnega asistenta za slovenščino v okviru manjšinskega šolstva na avstrijskem Koroškem. Jezik in slovstvo. 5/2006. 47–57.
Aprila 2005 je bilo prvič, in sicer na podlagi bilateralnega dogovora med Slovenijo in Avstrijo, razpisano mesto srednješolskega asistenta za slovenščino v Avstriji za šolsko leto 2005/06. Članek izhaja iz približno enoletnega bivanja in dela na avstrijskem Koroškem. V prvem delu razloži pomen tovrstnih sporazumov in utemeljuje, kdo sploh je jezikovni asistent. Nato ga postavi v kontekst šolstva v Avstriji: najprej naredi oris slovenskega manjšinskega šolstva – s poudarkom na ustanovitvi gimnazije s slovenskim učnim jezikom –, nato pa spoznava, primerjaje pretekle in aktualne šolske razmere, osrednje naloge jezikovnega asistenta. S tem ko na eni strani vzpostavlja povezavo med profilom šole in sociolingvistično situacijo, na drugi strani pa spremlja njene odraze na ravni učnega procesa, ponuja nekaj možnih pristopov v poučevanju slovenščine, vse z namenom uzaveščanja funkcije jezikovne asistence. Zaključuje s še nekaj vlogami učitelja-asistenta in razmišlja, kaj predstavljeno delovno mesto pomeni za njegovo osebnostno in strokovno rast.

Urška Perenič: Guidelines for the Post of Language Assistant for Slovene as Part of Minority Education in Austrian Carinthia. Jezik in slovstvo. 5/2006. 47–57.
In April 2005, on the basis of a bilateral agreement between Slovenia and Austria, the first application for the post of high-school assistant for Slovene was invited in Austria for the academic year 2005/2006. The article describes a one-year residence and work in Austrian Carinthia. The first part of the article explains the significance of such agreements and defines the role played by a language assistant. Then, it places this role within the educational system in Austria: first, it gives a brief outline of Slovene minority education, emphasising the establishment of a high school with Slovene as part of its curriculum. Then, by comparing the former and current situation in education, it foregrounds the main tasks of such a language assistant. By establishing a link between the school profile and socio-linguistic situation on the one hand, and by following its reflection of the educational process on the other hand, it offers some approaches to teaching Slovene, all with the intention of raising consciousness about the function of language assistance. The article concludes with some roles of a teacher-assistant and contemplates the significance of the illustrated post for both personal and professional growth.



Mojca Stritar: Merila za oblikovanje korpusov usvajanja tujega jezika. Jezik in slovstvo. 5/2006. 59–74.
Korpus usvajanja tujega jezika predstavlja jezik, kot ga govorijo ali pišejo tisti, ki niso njegovi rojeni govorci. V članku so predstavljeni obstoječi korpusi usvajanja za angleščino, francoščino in norveščino kot tuji jezik. Za čim večjo uravnoteženost je pri oblikovanju tovrstnih korpusov treba upoštevati različna merila, med njimi prvi in ciljni jezik, prenosnik, tehniko zajemanja besedil, velikost korpusa, vrsto besedil, temo, merila, povezana s tvorci, kontrolni korpus in uporabnost. Rešitve v obstoječih korpusih so ovrednotene z vidika načrtovanja korpusa usvajanja slovenščine kot tujega jezika, v zaključnem delu pa je podan okviren predlog za oblikovanje tega korpusa.

Mojca Stritar: Criteria for the Creation of Corpora for Foreign Language Acquisition. Jezik in slovstvo. 5/2006. 59–74.
A corpus of foreign language acquisition is a representation of the language spoken and written by its native speakers. The article demonstrates the existing corpora of foreign language acquisition for English, French and Norwegian. In order to achieve a representative corpus, various rules need to be considered when such corpora are created, including the first and target language, transmitter, textual representation technique, corpus size, text type, topic, rules applied by its native speakers, control corpus and applicability. The solutions in the existing corpora are evaluated from the point of creating a corpus of Slovene as a foreign language. In the conclusion, basic guidelines for the creation of such a corpus are proposed.