Številka 6/2005 ~ Issue 6/2005

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Nataša Pirih Svetina, Ina Ferbežar: Slovenščine tujejezičnih govorcev. Jezik in slovstvo. 6/2005. 3–15.
Članek začenjamo nekoliko provokativno – sprašujemo se, ali je jezik, ki ga uporabljajo tuji govorci slovenščine, res slovenščina in kakšne so njegove značilnosti. Ob odlomkih šestih besedil tujejezičnih uporabnikov slovenščine poskušamo nato v nadaljevanju pokazati, da je pojavnih oblik slovenščine toliko, kot je njenih govorcev. V članku poleg tega pokažemo tudi, kako sprejemajo in vrednotijo besedila tujejezičnih govorcev domači govorci slovenščine in kako tolerantni so pri tem.

Nataša Pirih Svetina, Ina Ferbežar: Slovene by Foreign Speakers. Jezik in slovstvo. 6/2005. 3–15.
The beginning of the article is rather provocative, questioning whether the language spoken by foreign speakers of Slovene really is Slovene, and what its features are. Six excerpts from texts produced by foreign speakers of Slovene were studied to show that there are as many varieties of Slovene as there are its speakers. In addition, the article illustrates how native speakers of Slovene receive and evaluate texts produced by foreign speakers, and how tolerant they are in doing so.



Darja Fišer: Pristopi k izdelavi leksikalnih podatkovnih zbirk. Jezik in slovstvo. 6/2005. 17–32.
Prispevek predstavlja leksikalni podatkovni zbirki WordNet in EuroWordNet, ki temeljita na povezavi pojmov z leksikalnimi in semantičnimi relacijami. V zadnjem desetletju so na njuni podlagi izdelali podobne leksikalne zbirke za mnoge druge jezike, pri čemer so raziskovalci uporabili predvsem dva pristopa; gradnjo neodvisnih besednih mrež, ki so jih kasneje združili v večjezične leksikalne zbirke, in prevajanje vsebine leksikalnih zbirk v ciljni jezik s prevzemanjem relacij med posameznimi vnosi. Slednji pristop je priljubljen predvsem zaradi možnosti avtomatizacije procesa in poenotene strukture dobljenih zbirk, zato ga v prispevku preizkusimo za gradnjo slovenske besedne mreže in rezultate primerjamo z jezikovnomotivirano besedno mrežo, ki smo jo izdelali s pomočjo korpusa Fida in drugih eno- in večjezičnih virov za slovenščino.

Darja Fišer: Approaches to the Creation of Lexical Databases. Jezik in slovstvo. 6/2005. 17–32.
The paper presents WordNet and EuroWordNet, lexical databases in which concepts are linked with lexical and semantic relations. In the past decade, similar lexical databases for other languages have been based on them, for which two approaches have mostly been used: the creation of independent wordnets and their subsequent integration into multilingual lexical databases, and the expansion of existing lexical databases into the target language by translating the entries and adopting relations between them. Due to the great automation potential of the network creation process and a uniform structure of the resulting databases, the latter approach has become very popular. This is why the given model was tested in this paper for its ability to create a Slovene wordnet, and the results were compared to its language-motivated counterpart acquired from the Fida corpus as well as other mono- and multilingual language resources for Slovene.



Jure Šink: Zahodnoslovanska književnost v srednješolskih berilih. Jezik in slovstvo. 6/2005. 33–41.
Prispevek prinaša analizo zastopanosti književnih del, katerih avtorji prihajajo iz zahodnoslovanskega sveta, v srednješolskih berilih. Avtor se osredinja na analizo srednješolskih beril Branja in Svet književnosti, pri čemer ugotavlja, da je delež teh avtorjev zelo nizek, nekatera pomembna dela tega prostora, predvsem iz slovaške književnosti, pa so izpadla. Predstavljena in argumentirana je smiselnost umeščenosti trenutnih izbranih besedil, ob koncu pa so predstavljeni tudi predlogi, kako izboljšati učni načrt in izobraževanje o srednjeevropskem prostoru.

Jure Šink: Western-Slavonic Literature in High-school Textbooks. Jezik in slovstvo. 6/2005. 33–41.
The article is an analysis of how well literary works, whose authors are of Western-Slavonic origins, are represented in high-school textbooks. The author focuses on the analysis of two high-school textbooks, Branja (Readings) and Svet književnosti (The World of Literature). The results of the analysis show that the proportion of these authors is seriously low, while some important literary works from this part of the world, in particular from Slovak literature, have been omitted. The paper presents and gives reasons for the selected literary canon in high-school textbooks, also providing suggestions for the improvement of the current curriculum and education on the central-European area.



Blanka Bošnjak: Pregled tipologije sodobne slovenske kratke proze (osemdesetih in devetdesetih let 20. stoletja). Jezik in slovstvo. 6/2005. 43–61.
Tipologija sodobne slovenske kratke proze osemdesetih in devetdesetih let 20. stoletja je napravljena na osnovi razločevalnih lastnosti, ki so vezane predvsem na dve temeljni paradigmatski strukturi: v prvo paradigmo uvrščamo kratko prozo, v kateri prevladujejo nove literarne usmeritve znotraj obdobja slovenske literarne postmoderne, zato sem umeščamo postmodernistični tip kratke proze. V drugo paradigmo so uvrščena besedila, v katerih je opaziti duhovnozgodovinski temelj preteklih literarnih usmeritev (realizma, eksistencializma, modernizma), ki pa se v sodobni slovenski kratki prozi kažejo v modificirani obliki, velikokrat kot neka nadgradnja. Znotraj druge paradigme tako ločimo naslednje tipe sodobne slovenske kratke proze: ultramodernistični, iracionalistično-mistični tip ter neorealistični tip, v katerega sodijo besedila minimalističnega in posteksistencialističnega tipa.

Blanka Bošnjak: Typology of Contemporary Slovene Short Prose (Eighties and Nineties of the Twentieth Century) – A Survey. Jezik in slovstvo. 6/2005. 43–61.
The typology of contemporary Slovene short prose in the eighties and nineties of the twentieth century is made in accordance with the distinctive features correlated primarily to two basic paradigmatic structures: short prose is placed in the first paradigm, with predominantly new literary directions within the period of Slovene postmodernism, therefore the postmodernist type of prose falls into this category. The second paradigm covers the texts with notable spiritual and historical foundations of past literary directions (realism, existentialism, modernism) which are present in contemporary Slovene short prose in their modified form, frequently as some kind of an upgrade. Therefore the following types of contemporary Slovene short prose can be distinguished between in the second paradigm: ultra-modernist, irrationalistic-mystical, and neo-realistic, which covers the texts of minimalist and post-existentialist type.



Peter Svetina: Devovi epigrami v Pisanicah. Jezik in slovstvo. 6/2005. 63–70.
Po zgledu nemške razsvetljenske literature se je tudi v sočasni slovenski poeziji pojavil epigram. V prvem slovenskem pesniškem almanahu Pisanice je v letih 1779 do 1781 Janez Damascen Dev objavil štiri epigrame, šest pa jih je ostalo v rokopisu za četrti zvezek. Članek obravnava oblikovne značilnosti in značaj epigramov.

Peter Svetina: Dev's Epigrams in Pisanice. Jezik in slovstvo. 6/2005. 63–70.
Parallel to its development in German Enlightenment literature epigram appeared also in Slovene poetry of the period. Between the years 1779 and 1781, Janez Damascen Dev published four epigrams in the first Slovene poetry almanac Pisanice, while six remained in manuscript form for the fourth volume. The article discusses structural features and the character of epigrams.