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Številka 2–3/2014 ~ Issue 2–3/2014
Miran Hladnik: Uvodnik: Liber amicorum. Helgi Glušič in Matjažu Kmeclu ob 80-letnici. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 5–6.
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|5-6
Matjaž Kmecl: Voščilni zapis kolegici Helgi. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 7–9.
Matjaž Kmecl: In Honour of Colleague Helga. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 7–9.
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|7-9
Aleksander Skaza: Beseda Matjaža Kmecla in kultura: Jubilejni zapis rusista ob knjigi spominov na skrivne ljubezni,. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 11–18.
Aleksander Skaza: The Word of Matjaž Kmecl and Culture: A Jubilee Text by a Russian Studies Scholar on the Book of Memories of Secret Loves. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 11–18.
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|11-18
Stanko Klinar: Zlatorogov ljubljenec. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 19–22.
Stanko Klinar: Zlatorog’s Favourite. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 19–22.
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|19-22
Gregor Kocijan: Skica za Kmeclovo literarnovedno podobo. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 23–27.
Sestavek opozarja na bistvene poteze literarne vede Matjaža Kmecla in skuša skicirati njegovo literarnovedno podobo. To počne na podlagi razčlenjevanja vsebine in metodologije njegovih samostojnih publikacij: začenja se z Novelo v literarni teoriji (1975) in končuje z monografijo o Josipu Jurčiču (2009) in pregledom Tisoč let slovenske literature (2004). Brez Kmeclovega izjemnega prispevka si ni mogoče predstavljati nadaljnjega razvoja slovenske literarne vede.
Ključne besede: Matjaž Kmecl, pripovedna proza, slovenski roman, Fran Levstik, Josip Jurčič
Gregor Kocijan: A Sketch of Kmecl’s Image as a Literary Scientist. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 23–27.
The paper points out the crucial features of the literary science of Matjaž Kmecl and seeks to outline his image as a literary scientist. This is done on the basis of an analysis of the content and methodology of his individual publications, starting with The Short Story in Literary Theory (1975) and ending with the monograph on Josip Jurčič (2009) and the survey A Thousand Years of Slovenian Literature (2004). Without Kmecl’s extraordinary contribution, the further development of Slovenian literary science would be inconceivable.
Keywords: Matjaž Kmecl, narrative prose, the Slovenian novel, Fran Levstik, Josip Jurčič
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|23-27
Boris Paternu: Pahorjeva Nekropola. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 29–41.
Glavno eksistencialno vprašanje Pahorjevega romana Nekropola (1967) je vprašanje človekovega preživetja strahotnega nasilja, preživetja v »svetu dokončne negacije«. Položajev moči sredi nemoči je vrsta. Od popolne prilagoditvene identifikacije z danostjo, tudi z zavestno izključitvijo vseh drugih misli ali čustev, do izstopov iz »golega bivanja« v odporne mentalne reflekse prvinskega socialnega etosa, humanizma ali politične trdnosti. Gre za različne stopnje upirajoče se »moralne inteligence« (Georg Steiner). Toda najgloblji virus »trdoživosti« pri Pahorju ni niti v ideologiji niti v filozofiji, je v njegovi prvinski ljubezni do življenja in v kljubovalnosti, ki mu jo je utrdil že fašizem z genocidno politiko do Slovencev. Tudi stilni ustroj Pahorjevega romana je slojevit in dinamičen. Močno odstopa od taboriščnega verizma ali suprarealizma (Levijev pojem) k metaforizirani, osebno ekspresivni, nadrealistični pripovedi. Gre za spojitev pričevanjskega realizma z izrazito imaginacijsko naracijo, v nekem smislu za spojitev dokumenta in poezije. Duhovni in slogovni tloris Nekropole postane še bolj razločen, če ga postavimo ob Prima Levija in Imreja Kertésza ali celo Dostojevskega kot nekakšnega začetnika taboriščnega romana. Pahor je s taboriščnim romanom krenil v svojo, posebno smer. Morda tudi slovensko smer.
Ključne besede: taboriščni roman, realizem, nadrealizem, Boris Pahor, Primo Levi, Imre Kertész
Boris Paternu: Pahor’s Necropolis. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 29–41.
The key existential question of Pahor’s novel Necropolis (1967) is that of man surviving terrible violence, surviving in “a world of the ultimate negation”. There are a number of positions of power within powerlessness, from an identification fully adjusted to the given reality, including a conscious exclusion of all other thoughts and emotions and exits from “mere existence”, to the resistant mental reflexes of the primeval social ethos, humanism or political stability. It is a case of the different levels of resisting “moral intelligence” (Georg Steiner). However, the innermost virus of “resilience” in Pahor is located neither in ideology nor in philosophy, but in his unspoilt love of life and in a defiance that was made even more determined by fascism with its genocidal policy towards Slovenes. Pahor’s novel has a style structure that is multifaceted and dynamic. It deviates significantly from labour-camp verism or “suprarealism” (Levi’s concept), displaying a preference for a narrative of metaphors, personal expression and the surreal. This narrative is a fusion of personal testimony realism and strongly imaginative narration; it is, in a sense, a conjunction of a document and poetry. The spiritual and stylistic blueprint of Necropolis becomes even more distinct when positioned next to Primo Levi and Imre Kertész, or even Dostojevsky, as a kind of pioneer of the labour-camp novel. Pahor takes the labour-camp novel on a completely new, specific path, perhaps a Slovenian path. The tradition of symbolism and expressionism has been rather strong in Slovenian literature. Pahor chose a motto by Srečko Kosovel for the novel.
Keywords: the labour-camp novel, realism, surrealism, Boris Pahor, Primo Levi, Imre Kertész
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|29-41
Dragi Stefanija: V jeziku je ime, identiteta, zgodovina. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 43–49.
Dragi Stefanija: Language Contains Name, Identity and History. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 43–49.
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|43-49
Ante Murn: Sjećanja na ljubljanske godine. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 51–52.
Ante Murn: Memories of the Ljubljana Years. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 51–52.
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|51-52
Krešimir Nemec: Grupni portret s damom. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 53–55.
Krešimir Nemec: Group Portrait with Lady. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 53–55.
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|53-55
Božo Repe: Matjaž Kmecl kot politik: Iz politike sem šel samo zato, da me ni ob vsesplošnem pričkanju kdaj zaneslo, da bi se še jaz začel hvaliti. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 57–62.
Matjaž Kmecl je v politiko stopil kot občinski odbornik, bil je minister za kulturo v vladi Dušana Šinigoja, najpomembnejšo politično vlogo pa je imel kot član reformiranega predsedstva CK ZKS in kot član prvega neposredno izvoljenega predsedstva Republike Slovenije, oboje pod vodstvom Milana Kučana. V ospredju njegove politične dejavnosti je bila kultura.
Ključne besede: politika, kultura, vlada Dušana Šinigoja, CK ZKS, predsedstvo Republike Slovenije
Božo Repe: Matjaž Kmecl as a Politician: I left politics purely for fear of becoming tempted, like others in the general state of bickering, to start praising myself. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 57–62.
Matjaž Kmecl entered politics as a local authority committee member and was subsequently the Minister of Culture in the government of Dušan Šinigoj. However, his most important political role was that of a member of the reformed Leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Union of Slovenia, and as member of the first directly elected Presidency of the Republic of Slovenia, both of which were presided over by Milan Kučan. At the forefront of his political agenda was culture.
Keywords: politics, culture, Dušan Šinigoj’s government, Central Committee of the Communist Union of Slovenia, Presidency of the Republic of Slovenia
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|57-62
Vida Udovič Medved: Recepcija Cirila Kosmača pri študentih Pedagoške fakultete. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 63–68.
Prispevek osvetljuje recepcijo Cirila Kosmača pri študentih Pedagoške fakultete v Kopru; podatke smo pridobili z anketo 106 študentov generacije maturantov 2011, 2012 in 2013. Pri tem smo se oprli na osnovnošolski in srednješolski učni načrt za slovenščino in na aktualna berila z odlomki iz del Cirila Kosmača. Rezultati kažejo, da je med najbolj priljubljenimi Kosmačevimi deli novela Tantadruj.
Ključne besede: recepcija, Ciril Kosmač, učni načrt, berilo
Vida Udovič Medved: The Reception of Ciril Kosmač amongst Young Readers. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 63–68.
The article highlights the reception of Ciril Kosmač on the part of students of the Faculty of Education in Koper; the data were acquired by surveying 106 students of the 2011, 2012 and 2013 generations, all of whom had sat the secondary school-leaving Matura exam. The primary and secondary school curriculum for Slovenian and the current reading materials with excerpts from Ciril Kosmač served as the basis of the survey. The results show that the short story Tantadruj is among Kosmač’s most popular works.
Keywords: reception, Ciril Kosmač, Faculty of Education, curriculum, reading materials
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|63-68
Klemen Lah: Podoba očeta v Kosmačevem romanu Pomladni dan in noveli Pot v Tolmin. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 69–76.
Razprava interdisciplinarno obravnava literarni lik oziroma podobo očeta v delih pripovednika Cirila Kosmača, še posebej v noveli Pot v Tolmin in romanu Pomladni dan. Lik očeta osvetljuje v literarnozgodovinskem kontekstu podob očetov v slovenski literaturi, ga povezuje z biografskimi podatki in tako pokaže na močan vpliv očetovega ustnega pripovednega sloga na Kosmačev pisni pripovedni slog.
Ključne besede: Ciril Kosmač, literarna oseba, oče, Pot v Tolmin, Pomladni dan, introjekcija, pripovedni slog
Klemen Lah: The Father Figure in Kosmač’s Novel A Day In Spring and His Short Story The Way To Tolmin. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 69–76.
The discussion provides an interdisciplinary treatment of the literary character and image of the father in the works of Ciril Kosmač, especially in the short story The Way to Tolmin and the novel A Day in Spring. The father figure is highlighted in the context of father images in literary history and linked to Kosmač’s biographical data, which shows the strong influence of his father’s oral narrative style on the author’s written narrative style.
Keywords: Ciril Kosmač, literary character, father, The Way to Tolmin, A Day in Spring, introjection, narrative style
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|69-76
Dragica Haramija: O prevladovanju estetskega nad poučnim v mladinski književnosti. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 77–81.
Helga Glušič zagovarja stališče, da sta v kakovostni mladinski književnosti etika in estetika pomembnejši od poučnosti. V razpravah zasleduje predvsem dvoje: depedagogizacijo mladinske književnosti ter igro (njen vsebinski in/ali oblikovni element) in humor kot pomembni sestavini tovrstnega slovstva. Z zagovarjanjem umetniške vrednosti literarnega dela pred poučno uporabnostjo je med prvimi vzpostavila standard vrednotenja mladinske književnosti, ki velja še danes.
Ključne besede: Helga Glušič, mladinska književnost, igra, humor
Dragica Haramija: On Prioritising the Aesthetic Over the Pedagogical in Youth Literature. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 77–81.
Helga Glušič takes the standpoint that, in quality youth literature, ethics and aesthetics should take priority over pedagogical goals. In her research, she primarily pursues two aspects: the process of relieving youth literature of pedagogical elements, and play (its subject matter and/or formal element) and humour as two important elements of this kind of literature. By advocating the artistic value of a literary work as more crucial than its pedagogical usefulness, Glušič was among the first to establish a standard for the evaluation of youth literature that is still valid today.
Keywords: Helga Glušič, youth literature, play, humour
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|77-81
Igor Saksida: Eleganca resnosti branja mladinske književnosti. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 83–89.
Prispevek se osredotoča na metodo interpretacije mladinske književnosti, ki jo izražajo strokovna besedila Helge Glušič. Izhaja iz temeljnih avtopoetik, ki poudarjajo kakovost in naslovniško univerzalnost te književne zvrsti. Obe izhodišči za razlago in vrednotenje je mogoče videti tudi pri avtoričinih interpretacijah mladinske književnosti, predvsem v knjigi Sto slovenskih pripovednikov. V njej se prepletata dva modela branja mladinske književnosti: interpretacija mladinskih besedil kot pomembnega dela celovitega avtorjevega opusa ter osredotočenost na mladinska besedila, če je avtor v literarni zgodovini označen kot ustvarjalec za mladino.
Ključne besede: Helga Glušič, modeli branja, mladinska književnost, kakovost, naslovniška univerzalnost, slog, žanr
Igor Saksida: The Elegance of a Serious Reading of Youth Literature. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 83–89.
The contribution is focused on the method of interpretation of youth literature as demonstrated by the expert texts of Helga Glušič. The point of departure is the fundamental autopoetics emphasising the quality and the reader universality of this literary genre. Both starting points for interpretation and assessment can be identified in the author’s interpretations of youth literature, particularly in A Hundred Slovenian Narrative Writers, in which two models of reading youth literature are intertwined: the interpretation of young readers’ texts as an important part of an author’s opus, and the focus on these texts in the case that an author has been marked in literary history as a youth writer.
Keywords: Helga Glušič, reading models, youth literature, quality, reader universality
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|83-89
Janja Žitnik Serafin: Literarna dejavnost slovenskih društev v drugih delih nekdanje Jugoslavije. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 91–96.
Članek uvodoma tematizira vlogo književnosti pri ohranjanju izvorne narodne in kulturne identitete izseljenske/manjšinske skupnosti ter problem diskriminacije jezikovnih različic slovenščine, ki jih uporabljajo v medsebojni komunikaciji pripadniki slovenskih manjšinskih skupnosti na Hrvaškem, v Srbiji, Bosni in Hercegovini, Makedoniji in Črni gori, kjer imajo Slovenci in njihovi potomci kulturna društva. V nadaljevanju se članek posveča tistim dejavnostim omenjenih društev, ki so povezane s književnostjo. Med temi prednjačijo predstavitve slovenske književnosti v društvenih glasilih, predstavitve knjig z obiski pisateljev iz Slovenije in zamejstva ter recitacije slovenske poezije na društvenih proslavah ob slovenskih državnih praznikih. Ponekod gojijo tudi prevodno dejavnost, manj pa je izvirnih literarnih poskusov članov. Avtorica to pojasnjuje z njihovim slabšim znanjem knjižne slovenščine in zadržanostjo do literarne rabe njihove različice tega jezika.
Ključne besede: literarna dejavnost manjšinske skupnosti, slovenska kulturna društva, prostor nekdanje Jugoslavije, promocija slovenske književnosti, slovenska narodna in kulturna identiteta
Janja Žitnik Serafin: The Literary Activity of Slovenian Societies in Other Parts of Ex-Yugoslavia. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 91–96.
By way of introduction, the article thematises the role of literature in safeguarding the original national and cultural identity of a migrant/minority community and the problem of the discrimination of language varieties of Slovenian used in internal communication by members of Slovenian minority groups in Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia and Montenegro, where Slovenes and their descendents have established numerous cultural societies. In the continuation, the article focuses on the activities of these societies related to literature. The most common such activities are presentations of Slovenian literature in society bulletins, book presentations by visiting Slovenian authors from Slovenia and neighbouring countries, and recitals of Slovenian poetry at society celebrations in honour of Slovenian national festivals. Some societies also encourage translation activities, but they are less active regarding original literary attempts by their members. The author of the present paper attributes this to their lack of knowledge of standard or “literary” Slovenian, and to a certain self-restraint in using their language variety for literary purposes.
Keywords: the literary activity of a minority group, Slovenian cultural societies, the territory of ex-Yugoslavia, the promotion of Slovenian literature, Slovenian national and cultural identity
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|91-96
Silvija Borovnik: Slovensko-nemška medkulturnost v literarnem delu Petra Handkeja. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 97–109.
Pisatelj Peter Handke (1942), ki je rojen v vasi Grebinj/Griffen na avstrijskem Koroškem in je po materi slovenskega porekla, je eno osrednjih imen sodobne avstrijske oz. nemške književnosti. V mnogih njegovih delih je opaznih veliko slovenskih prvin, ki so tematske, motivne in jezikovne. Zaradi njih ga lahko uvrščamo med značilne predstavnike nemško-slovenskih medkulturnih identitet, kar je v tem članku prikazano na osnovi analiz dveh Handkejevih del, to je romana Ponovitev (Wiederholung) in romana-drame Še vedno vihar (Immer noch Sturm). Obe deli tematizirata tudi zgodovino koroških Slovencev in zlasti odnos med nemščino in slovenščino v Avstriji.
Ključne besede: Peter Handke, slovensko-nemška medkulturnost, slovenski jezik, identiteta
Silvija Borovnik: Slovenian-German Interculturality in the Literary Opus of Peter Handke. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 97–109.
Peter Handke (1942), a writer born to a Slovenian mother in the village of Griffen in Austrian Carinthia, is one of the key names of contemporary Austrian and German literature. In many of his works, Slovenian elements can be identified at the levels of theme, motif and language. On the basis of these elements, the author can be considered a typical representative of German-Slovenian intercultural identities, as is demonstrated in the article by way of an analysis of two of Handke’s works, the novel Repetition (Wiederholung) and the novel-drama Storm Still (Immer noch Sturm). Both works also thematise the history of Carinthian Slovenes, especially the German-Slovenian relationship in Austria.
Keywords: Peter Handke, Slovenian-German interculturality, Slovenian language, identity
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|97-109
Andrej Leben: Nekaj nesistematičnih pogledov na sistem sodobne koroške slovenske literature. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 111–116.
Kot literarni zgodovinar, avtor znanstvenih in esejističnih razprav, predavatelj na simpozijih in (ljudskih) univerzah, pisec radijskih iger in dramskih besedil s koroško tematiko je akademik prof. Matjaž Kmecl bistveno prispeval k vidnosti koroške slovenske literature in k vednosti o njej. Danes je ta literatura, ki nastaja na stičiščih slovenskega in avstrijskega oz. nemškega literarnega (poli)sistema, notranje diferencirana in jo je mogoče obravnavati kot del posebnega literarnega podsistema, ki ga vzpostavlja mreža specifičnih medsistemskih intra- in interrelacij.
Ključne besede: Matjaž Kmecl, Koroška, slovenska literatura, literarni sistemi
Andrej Leben: Some Unsystematic Perspectives on the System of Contemporary Carinthian Slovenian Literature. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 111–116.
As a literary historian, an author of scientific discussions and essays, a lecturer at various symposiums and (people’s) universities, and an author of radio and theatre plays with Carinthian topics, Prof. Matjaž Kmecl has made an essential contribution to the visibility and knowledge of Carinthian Slovenian literature. Today, the literature created at the crossroads of the Slovenian and Austrian or German literary (poly)system displays an inner differentiation and can be treated as part of a special literary subsystem established by the network of specific inter-systemic intra- and interrelations.
Keywords: Matjaž Kmecl, Carinthia, Slovenian literature, literary systems
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|111-116
Alojzija Zupan Sosič: Za literarno interpretacijo. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 117–128.
Po t. i. interpretativnem obratu ob koncu prejšnjega stoletja je literarna interpretacija v literarni vedi zavzela pomembno mesto. V širšem smislu je literarna interpretacija družbena praksa, ki ohranja etimološke pomene tega pojma, ʻrazlagaʼ, ʻpojasniloʼ, ʻtolmačenjeʼ, ʻpomenʼ, ʻpojmovanjeʼ, v sodobnosti bolj osrediščeno na razumevanje. Širša definicija literarne interpretacije upošteva tudi pomen literarnega branja, vzporejanega na različne načine; enkrat kot sinonim, drugič kot hipernim ali hiponim literarne interpretacije. Pri ožji določitvi interpretacije upoštevam Ecovo in Cullerjevo definicijo, tako da med štirimi členi – namenom, besedilom, sobesedilom in bralcem – izpostavljam prav namen besedila. Predlagam dvostopenjsko strukturo literarne interpretacije, v kateri se različne stopnje in procesi, tj. zaznavanje, doživljanje, analiziranje, pojasnjevanje, razlaganje, primerjanje, vrednotenje in opomenjanje, prepletajo, dopolnjujejo in zaokrožujejo, pomembna pa je krožna povezanost delov v celoto. Prva faza, v kateri prevladujejo zaznavanje, doživljanje in analiziranje, »ponavlja vsebino« in bolj enostavno reflektira bralni proces, upoštevajoč sprejemanje in doživljanje ter opis ali analizo strukture. Drugo stopnjo predstavljajo pojasnjevanje, razlaganje, primerjanje in razumevanje pomenov z iskanjem smisla v ustreznih kontekstih, čeprav se lahko pojavljajo tudi procesi prve faze; kot najbolj sinkretična in povzemalna procesa pa vrednotenje in opomenjanje v smislu umeščanja v veljavne sisteme literarnih in kulturnih vrednot ter prepoznavanja povprečnosti ali presežnosti interpretiranega besedila.
Ključne besede: literarna interpretacija, doživljanje, analiza, razlaga, vrednotenje
Alojzija Zupan Sosič: For Literary Interpretation. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 117–128.
Following the so-called interpretive turn at the end of the last century, literary interpretation gained an important position in literary science. Broadly speaking, literary interpretation is a social practice that preserves the etymological meanings of the notion of interpretation: “explanation”, “clarification”, “elucidation”, “meaning”, “conception”, today centred more around understanding. A broader definition of literary interpretation also takes into account the significance of literary reading, paralleled to literary interpretation in various ways, whether as its synonym, hypernym or hyponym. In adopting a narrower view of interpretation, I take into account Eco’s and Culler’s definitions by – from the four links of purpose, text, co-text and reader – highlighting the very purpose of the text. I propose a two-tier structure of literary interpretation in which the different degrees and processes – perceiving, experiencing, analysing, clarifying, explaining, comparing, assessing and attributing meaning – are intertwined, complementary and self-contained, whereby the circular integration of parts into a whole is of crucial importance. The first phase, which is dominated by perception, experience and analysis, “repeats the content” and reflects upon the reading process at a more simple level, taking into account acceptance, experience and description or structure analysis. The second phase comprises clarification, explanation, comparison and comprehension of meanings by looking for sense in the appropriate contexts, although elements of the first phase may also appear, while the most syncretic and summarising processes are those of evaluation and assigning meaning, in the sense of positioning the text in the valid systems of literary and cultural values as well as recognising the mediocrity or exceptional value of the interpreted text.
Keywords: literary interpretation, experiencing, analysis, explanation, evaluation
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|117-128
Alenka Žbogar: Sodobna slovenska novela preštevno. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 129–138.
Teoretičnim vidikom novele sledi preštevna analiza slovenske novele od 1980 do 2013. V tem obdobju je izšlo devetinštirideset zbirk z vrstno oznako novela in/ali noveleta v naslovu ali podnaslovu. Prešteli smo delež zbirk, ki so izšle pri posamezni založbi, dinamiko objav, avtorske vrstne oznake v naslovih in podnaslovih zbirk ter obsegovne parametre posameznih pripovedi, vključenih v izbrane zbirke. Šestim zbirkam iz osemdesetih let, sedmim iz devetdesetih in enajstim, ki so izšle po letu 2000, tj. polovici produkcije, smo določili število pripovedi v zbirki in število besed v pripovedi. Meritve imajo opisno vrednost, ne pa normativne, saj so obsegovne meje kratke proze dogovorne.
Ključne besede: novela, noveleta, vrstne oznake, dolžinski tipi pripovedi, kvantitativna analiza
Alenka Žbogar: The Contemporary Slovenian Short Story: a Quantitative Perspective. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 129–138.
A presentation of theoretical aspects of the short story is followed by a quantitative analysis of Slovenian short stories published between 1980 and 2013. In this period, 49 collections were published with the label short story and/or novelette in the title or subtitle. We have established the proportion of collections published by individual publishers, as well as examining the dynamics of publication, authors’ prose type labels in titles and subtitles of prose collections, and size-of-the-text parameters (number of words) in the individual stories included in the selected compilations. Six compilations from the 1980s, seven from the 1990s and eleven published after 2000, representing half of the total production, were examined for the number of stories per compilation and the number of words per story. The statistical results have a descriptive rather than normative value, considering that the size limits of short prose are, in fact, a matter of agreement.
Keywords: short story, novelette, type labels, narrative types according to number of words, quantitative analysis
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|129-138
Aleksander Bjelčevič: Verz in proza, vmes pa nič. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 139–144.
Verz ni sinonimen s poezijo, pesmijo ali liriko, proza pa ne s pripovedništvom, zgodbo, prozaičnostjo. Verz in proza sta jasno definirana pojma, ostali so nejasni. Verz in proza sta nasprotna in izključujoča se pojma, zato med njima ni vmesnih oblik. Vmesne oblike obstajajo med poezijo in pripovedništvom, svobodni verz je torej verz in ne vmesna oblika med verzom in prozo, pesem v prozi in ritmična proza pa sta proza. Verz za pesem in poezijo ni nujen, poezija je lahko napisana tudi v prozi (pesem v prozi). Verz ni omejen zgolj na poezijo, imamo ga tudi v pripovedništvu (npr. roman ali kratka kratka zgodba v verzu). Ritem za verz ni nujen, nekatere pesmi v svobodnem verzu so brez ritma. Poetičnost (metafore, simboli ipd.) za verz ni niti nujni niti zadostni pogoj. Verz, ritem, poetičnost so lastni zgolj tipičnim pesmim, ne pa vsem.
Ključne besede: poezija, pripovedništvo, ritem, pesem v prozi, svobodni verz
Aleksander Bjelčevič: Verse and Prose and Nothing in Between. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 139–144.
Verse is not synonymous with poetry, a poem or lyrics, nor is prose synonymous with narrative, a story or prosaicness. Verse and prose are clearly defined notions, while all of the others are vague. Verse and prose are opposite and mutually exclusive, therefore no in-between forms exist. However, in-between forms do exist between poetry and narrative. Thus free verse is verse and not an in-between form between verse and prose, whereas a prose poem and rhythmic prose are prose. Verse is not obligatory for a poem and poetry, poetry can also be written in prose (the prose poem). Verse is not merely limited to poetry, it can also be encountered in narrative (e.g., a novel or a short short story in verse). Rhythm is optional for verse, some poems in free verse are rhythmless. Poetics (metaphors, symbols and similar) is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition for verse. Verse, rhythm and poetics are only inherent in typical poems, not in all poems.
Keywords: poetry, narrative, rhythm, prose poem, free verse
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|139-144
Bożena Tokarz: Spremenljive meje literature: fikcija, »fakcija« in tretja razsežnost. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 145–157.
Tretja razsežnost literature, opredeljena kot fikcija, izvira iz narave obstoja literature in navzlic poskusom, da bi se distancirala od pripovedi, zagotavlja obstoj jasnih mej med samo literaturo in vsem tistim, kar je v odnosu do nje zunanje, celo takrat, ko so v besedilu te meje namerno zabrisane. To je prostor možnosti, potencialen, časovno neomejen in kot tak nesmrten.
Ključne besede: literatura, resničnost, globalizacija, fikcija, fakcija
Bożena Tokarz: The Changing Borders of Literature: Fiction, “Faction” and the Third Dimension. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 145–157.
The third dimension of literature, defined as fiction, derives from the nature of the existence of literature. Despite attempts to distance itself from narrative, it ensures the existence of clear dividing lines between literature itself and that which is external to it, even when these borders are intentionally blurred in the text. This is a space of opportunity and potential, of that which is temporally unlimited and as such immortal.
Keywords: literature, reality, globalisation, fiction, faction
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|145-157
Miran Štuhec in Anita Laznik: Problem razdvojenega subjekta v delih Marjana Rožanca. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 159–170.
Po kratki utemeljitvi vsebine bova sintetično opozorila na nekatere bistvene značilnosti Rožančevega pisanja. Najin interes bo v največji meri usmerjen k njegovi esejistiki, saj ta odkriva najpomembnejše značilnosti avtorjevega poglobljenega in subtilnega razmerja do sveta. Tloris vprašanj, ki zadevajo Boga in človeka, moškega ter žensko, igro in šport, umetnost ter ustvarjalnost, je Rožanc prek pojma razdvojeni subjekt opremil z nenehnim iskanjem ravnovesja in smisla.
Ključne besede: Marjan Rožanc, esej, razdvojeni subjekt, humanizem, hominizacija, paradoksalna eksistenca, bogoiskateljstvo
Miran Štuhec in Anita Laznik: The Problem of Split Character in the Works of Marjan Rožanc. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 159–170.
After a short argumentation of the content, we synthetically highlight some of the main characteristics of Rožanc’s writing. Our interest is largely focused on his essays, as they reveal the most important characteristics of the author’s absorbed and subtle relationship towards the world. Through the notion of split character, the author furnished the basis of questions dealing with God and mankind, man and woman, games and sport, art and creativity, with a constant search for equilibrium and meaning.
Keywords: essay, split character, humanism, hominization, paradoxical existence, God-seeking.
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|159-170
Jožica Čeh Steger:: Kratka proza Milene Mohorič od ekspresionistične vizije do realistične podobe življenja. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 171–178.
Prispevek obravnava tematsko-slogovne značilnosti kratke proze Milene Mohorič iz obdobja med obema vojnama in pisateljico razkriva tudi kot avtorico pesmi v prozi. Bila je ena najvidnejših ustvarjalk kratke proze, s katero je posegala predvsem v meščanski svet, deloma pa tudi v vzhodnoslovensko kmečko-vaško okolje. Ob tem je napisala še nekaj kratkoproznih pripovedi za mladino. Na več kot pol stoletja pozabljeno pisateljico sta pred petimi leti opozorila Lado Kralj in Peter Scherber z izborom njene kratke proze Kratke zgodbe iz tridesetih let (2010) in jo predstavila predvsem kot avtorico elegantne in vznemirljive meščanske proze iz tridesetih let prejšnjega stoletja, pisane v realističnem slogu. Pričujoči prispevek je osredinjen na njene literarne začetke in ugotavlja, da je Milena Mohorič na začetku literarne poti, tj. med letoma 1927‒1929, pisala subjektivnoizpovedne pesmi v prozi, v katerih so opazne še slogovne usedline impresionizma in ekspresionizma.
Ključne besede: Milena Mohorič, kratka proza, pesem v prozi, impresionizem, ekspresionizem, realizem, socialni realizem
Jožica Čeh Steger:: Short Prose by Milena Mohorič: from an Expressionist Vision to a Realistic Image of Life. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 171–178.
The article treats thematic-stylistic features of the short prose by Milena Mohorič from the interwar period, also revealing her as an author of prose poems. Mohorič was one of the most prominent authors of short prose focusing mainly on the world of bourgeoisie, but also on the rural-peasant environment of Eastern Slovenia. In addition, she wrote several short prose stories for young readers. Five years ago, Mohorič was rescued from more than half a century of oblivion by Lado Kralj and Peter Scherber, who made a selection of her short prose (Short Stories From the 1930s, 2010) and presented her primarily as the author of elegant and exciting middle class prose from the 1930s, written in a realistic style. The present contribution is focused on her literary beginnings, the conclusion being that, at the beginning of her literary career (between 1927 and 1929), she wrote subjective-expressive prose poems in which it is still possible to identify the stylistic sediments of impressionism and expressionism.
Keywords: Milena Mohorič, short prose, prose poem, impressionism, expressionism, realism, social realism
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|171-178
Vladimir Osolnik: O črnogorski trilogiji Petra II. Petrovića - Njegoša. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 179–183.
V minulih desetletjih poglobljenega preučevanja1 umetniških besedil črnogorskega pesnika, cerkvenega in posvetnega vladarja Črne gore, Radivoja Petrovića (1813–1833), pozneje Petra II. Petrovića - Njegoša (1833–1851), sta se mi postopoma izoblikovali dve novi spoznanji: najprej o dejanskem časovnem zaporedju nastajanja njegovih t. i. vélikih literarnih del (Luč mikrokozmosa, Lažni car Šćepan Mali in Gorski venec v letih 1845, 1846 in 1847) ter nato o tej trilogiji kot načrtnem literarnem in ideološkem črnogorskem kompleksu oziroma načrtovanem avtorskem zapisu kot temelju specifične črnogorske narodne identitete.
Ključne besede: Njegoš, črnogorska trilogija, romantični filozofsko-religiozni ep, nacionalna identiteta
Vladimir Osolnik: On the Montenegrin Trilogy by Petar II Petrović-Njegoš. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 179–183.
During the past decades of in-depth analysis of the literary texts of the Montenegrin poet and ecclesiastical and secular ruler of Montenegro, Radivoj Petrović (1813–1833), later known as Petar II Petrović Njegoš (1833–1851), two new realisations have gradually taken shape: firstly, the actual chronology of the creation of his so-called major literary works (The Ray of the Microcosm, The False Tsar Stephen the Little and The Mountain Wreath in 1845, 1846 and 1847 respectively), and secondly the trilogy as an intentional literary and ideological Montenegrin oeuvre or a planned authorial written record as the foundation of the specific Montenegrin national identity.
Keywords: Njegoš, the Montenegrin trilogy, the Romantic philosophical-religious epic, national identity
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|179-183
Janez Vrečko: Geometrizacija prostora in filozofija narave. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 185–190.
Kvadrat pri Kosovelu temelji na konstruktivistični ukinitvi evklidskega prostora in renesančne perspektive. Kosovel se je odločil za konstruktivizem, ker je z njegovo pomočjo sintetiziral mehanično tehniko in organično prirodo. V Kosovelovi sintagmi slamnate strehe gre za polemično obravnavo t. i. socialnega naročila in nepismenih ljudskih množic, s tem pa že za vprašanje o tendenčni umetnosti in socrealizmu.
Ključne besede: Srečko Kosovel, konstruktivizem, kvadrat, narava, evklidski prostor, socrealizem, tendenčna umetnost
Janez Vrečko: Geometrisation of Space and the Philosophy of Nature. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 185–190.
Kosovel’s square shape is based on the constructivist abolishment of Euclidian space and Renaissance perspective. Kosovel chose constructivism because it enabled him to synthesise a mechanical technique and organic nature. Kosovel’s phrase “hay roofs” serves to represent a polemical treatment of the so-called social order (“socialno naročilo”) and illiterate crowds, and in doing so raises the question of tendentious art and social realism.
Keywords: Srečko Kosovel, constructivism, nature, Euclidean space, social realism, tendentious art
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|185-190
Tomo Virk: Bartol in Veber. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 191–198.
Prispevek se ukvarja z medbesedilnimi navezavami na Vebra in njegovo filozofijo v Bartolovi prozi ter z Bartolovim osebnim odnosom do nekdanjega profesorja in mentorja pri doktoratu.
Ključne besede: Vladimir Bartol, France Veber, kratka proza, motiv, medbesedilnost
Tomo Virk: Bartol and Veber. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 191–198.
The article deals with intertextual associations with Veber and his philosophy in Bartol’s prose, as well as Bartol’s personal attitude towards his ex-professor and PhD mentor.
Keywords: Vladimir Bartol, France Veber
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|191-198
Marko Juvan: Karizma teorije. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 199–207.
Na ozadju teorije o moči za vzdrževanje reda (angl. policing), ki jo poseduje univerzitetni diskurz, so obravnavani prototipi in vloge karizmatičnih teoretikov od 60. let 20. stoletja do danes, pri čemer je upoštevana zgodovina preoblikovanja univerze iz tradicionalnega humboldtovskega tipa, ki je temeljil na pomenu kulture naroda, v njeno podreditev neoliberalni merkantilizaciji znanja v poznem kapitalizmu. Na primeru Dušana Pirjevca in strategij za vzdrževanje reda na univerzi v enostrankarskem sistemu je karizma teorije razložena kot teoretikova fascinantna osebna pojava (ta deluje prek transferja na način »subjekta, ki se zanj predpostavlja, da ve«), ki prek govorice preide v njegova besedila, ta pa odlikuje kvazimetafizično preseganje mej disciplinarnega znanja in kritično poseganje v življenjska vprašanja. Medtem ko Pirjevčeva karizma sledi vzorcu kritičnih intelektualcev, se karizma teorije v neoliberalni sedanjosti vzpostavlja prek kozmopolitskega zvezdniškega sistema, ki ga v glavnem oblikujejo prestižne univerze v ZDA in mednarodni sistem znanstvenega založništva.
Ključne besede: literarna teorija, karizma, univerza, socializem, neoliberalizem, Dušan Pirjevec
Marko Juvan: The Charisma Of Theory. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 199–207.
Against the background of the policing power of university discourse, the article discusses the prototypes and general roles of charismatic theorists from the 1960s to the present in the contexts of transformations of the university from its Humboldtian type based in the importance of national culture to its late-capitalist subjection to the neoliberal mercantilisation and globalisation of knowledge. Focused on the case study of the Slovenian literary theorist Dušan Pirjevec (1921–77) and the conditions of the communist policing of the university, the charisma of theory is explained as the theorist’s fascinating personal presence (working through the transfer with him/herself as the “subject who is supposed to know”) that imbues his/her texts with a quasi-metaphysical quality transgressing both the boundaries of any disciplinary knowledge and the “bureaucratised” position of average university teachers. In Pirjevec’s case, the charisma of theory is patterned on the figure of critical intellectuals, whereas in the neoliberal present, it is produced or reinforced within the global star system, driven mostly by US-American universities and transnational scholarly publishing.
Keywords: literary theory, charisma, university, socialism, neoliberalism, Dušan Pirjevec
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|199-207
Urška Perenič in Miran Hladnik: Literarno nagrajevanje na primeru kresnika. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 209–221.
Prvi del razprave teoretsko opredeli pojem literarnega nagrajevanja: na medsistemski ravni v presečišču med kulturnim področjem ritualiziranih oblik simbolnega čaščenja literature in literarno vedo, na ravni literarnega sistema pa v presečišču med literarnokritiško in -znanstveno prakso. V središču je literarna vloga žiranta: na eni strani je prikazan v interakcijah z drugimi akterji v literarnem sistemu, na drugi strani pa je umeščen na ravnino literarnega obdelovanja in predstavljen v avtonomni strokovnosti odločanja. Kako strokovno in objektivno je lahko odločanje, je razvidno iz drugega dela razprave. Prinaša natančen popis kresnikovega žiriranja za obdobje dveh let. Ocenjevalne lestvice ponujajo vpogled v postopke literarnega ocenjevanja. Razpravo zaključuje premislek o literarnem nagrajevanju kot relevantnem predmetu literarnovednega preučevanja.
Ključne besede: literarna nagrada, kresnik, literarno vrednotenje, žirija
Urška Perenič in Miran Hladnik: Processing Literary Prizes: The Case of Kresnik. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 209–221.
The initial part of the discussion provides a theoretical framework for the concept of literary award giving: at the inter-systemic level in the intersection between the cultural field of ritualised forms of the symbolic worshipping of literature and literary science, and at the level of the literary system in the intersection between the practice of literary studies and that of science. A central role is taken by the jury member: on the one hand, he or she is viewed in interaction with other agents of the literary system while, on the other hand, he or she is observed at the level of literary treatment and presented within the process of autonomous and professional decision-making. How professional and objective this process can be is clear from the second part of the discussion, which provides a detailed compilation of the Kresnik Award jury policies over a period of two years. The assessment scales offer an insight into the procedures of literary assessment. The discussion concludes with a consideration of literary award giving as a relevant object of literary studies.
Keywords: the literary award, Kresnik, literary assessment, jury
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|209-221
Marja Bešter Turk: »Odgovôri v celem stavku.« . Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 223–231.
Za učni pogovor na razredni stopnji slovenske osnovne šole je med drugim značilna zahteva učitelja, da naj učenci na njegova vprašanja odgovarjajo v skladenjsko popolnih povedih, čeprav s tem kršijo pravila dialoškega sporazumevanja. V prispevku so predstavljeni izsledki raziskave o tem, kako pogosto je to prisotno pri pouku in kako učitelji, ki uporabljajo ta način, utemeljujejo njegovo rabo, nato pa v interpretaciji odgovorov razmišljamo o (ne)smiselnosti takega načina vodenja učnega pogovora.
Ključne besede: učni pogovor, odgovarjanje na učiteljeva vprašanja v skladenjsko popolnih povedih
Marja Bešter Turk: “Respond Using a Full Sentence!”. Jezik in slovstvo. 2–3/2014. 223–231.
In grades 1-4 of primary school, pedagogical dialogue is characterised by, among other things, the teacher eliciting from the pupil syntactically complete, i.e., full sentences, in response to his or her questions, even if this means violating the rules of dialogical communication. The article presents the findings of research into how common this practice is in the classroom and how it is justified by the teachers who use it. This is followed by an interpretation of the answers in which we reflect on the (un)reasonableness of leading pedagogical dialogue in such a way.
Keywords: pedagogical dialogue, responding to the teacher’s questions using full sentences, “searching speech”
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2014|2-3|223-231