Številka 1/2009 ~ Issue 1/2009

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Erich Prunč: Veliki čudež malega jezika. Jezik in slovstvo. 1/2009. 5–12.
Maja 2004 je s pristopom Slovenije EU postala slovenščina eden njenih 21, danes 23 uradnih jezikov. S tem se je prvič v zgodovini znašlo vse avtohtono jezikovno področje v istem pravnem okviru. Zunaj je ostala samo slovenska manjšina v Istri ter socialna in politična emigracija zunaj Evrope. V jezikovnopolitičnem okviru EU je doživela slovenščina svojo največjo funkcijsko razširitev. S tem ozadjem bi rad orisal sredobežne in sredotežne sile pri oblikovanju skupnega (knjižnega) jezika in kulture. Pri tem ne bom navajal novih faktografskih podatkov in ne bom ponavljal splošno znanih ugotovitev, ampak skušal spremeniti perspektivo na izbrana jezikoslovna in kulturološka dejstva. V nasprotju z miselnim konceptom, ki se je osredotočal na iskanje izvirne čistosti, enojezičnosti in enosmernosti v razvoju, bi postavil v ospredje dinamične odnose medkulturne pestrosti, regionalne prehodnosti in vzajemnega prepletanja raznorodnih prvin. Žal v tem okviru ne bom mogel slediti vsej zapletenosti razvoja in se zaradi večje nazornosti tudi ne bom mogel izogniti določenim poenostavitvam.
Ključne besede: slovenski knjižni jezik | identiteta | hibridnost | regionalnost

Erich Prunč: The Big Miracle of a Small Language. Jezik in slovstvo. 1/2009. 5–12.
With Slovenia’s entry to the EU in May 2004 Slovene became one of the EU’s 21 official languages, a figure that has now grown to 23. Thus for the first time in history the entire autochthonous language area found itself in the same legal framework. Only the Slovenian minority in Istria and social and political emigrants outside Europe remained outside this framework. Within the linguistic-political framework of the EU Slovene has experienced its most extensive functional expansion. With this background I seek to outline the centrifugal and centripetal forces in the formation of a common (literary) language and culture. In so doing I will not quote new factographic data, nor will I repeat generally known findings, instead I will attempt to change the perspective on selected linguistic and culturological facts. Rather than a mental concept focused on finding original purity, monolinguism and unidirectionality in development, I bring to the fore the dynamic relationships of intercultural diversity, regional transience and the mutual interweaving of diverse elements. Unfortunately, within this framework I will not be able to pursue all of the complexities of development, and in the interest of the greater clarity I will not be able to avoid certain simplifications.
Keywords: standard Slovene | identity | hybridity | regionality



Irena Samide: Orfejev spev in Evridikine metamorfoze. Jezik in slovstvo. 1/2009. 13–23.
Izhajajoč iz mitološkega izročila zgodbe o Orfeju in Evridiki ponuja prispevek možnost drugačnega branja klasičnega mita: namesto o romantičnem ljubezenskem odnosu lahko govorimo namreč tudi o mnogo bolj prozaičnem produkcijskem odnosu med obema protagonistoma, pri čemer je za ustvarjalni proces odločilna prav vloga Evridike – ljubice, duhovne prijateljice, sodelavke, pomočnice, prepisovalke, zbiralke, mecenke, muze. Kljub temu, da je bil Evridikin glas v (literarni) zgodovini v preteklosti večinoma nem, pa je za relevanten pregled kulturne zgodovine nujno potrebno, da prisluhnemo tudi njenemu spevu.
Ključne besede: Orfej in Evridika | ustvarjalni proces | inspiracija

Irena Samide: Orpheus’ Song and Eurydice’s Metamorphoses. Jezik in slovstvo. 1/2009. 13–23.
Ensuing from the mythological tradition of the story of Orpheus and Eurydice, the article offers the possibility of a different reading of the classical myth: rather than speaking about a romantic love relationship we can instead speak about a much more prosaic productional relationship between the two protagonists, in which it is the role of Eurydice that is decisive for the creative process – the lover, the spiritual friend, the colleague, the assistant, the scribe, the collector, the patron, the muse. In spite of the fact that in (literary) history Eurydice’s voice has in the past been largely mute, for a relevant view of cultural history it is essential that we also hear her song.
Keywords: Orpheus and Eurydice | creative process | inspiration



Martina Ožbot: Nekaj kontrastivnih beležk o italijanščini in slovenščini in nekaj opažanj o jezikovni produkciji pri govorcih slovenščine v Italiji. Jezik in slovstvo. 1/2009. 25–47.
Razprava ponuja nekaj ugotovitev o sistemskih razlikah med slovenščino in italijanščino, ki so se oblikovale na osnovi opazovanja jezikovne produkcije študentov, in sicer pretežno zamejskih študentov slovenščine. Ti so od najzgodnejšega otroštva v bolj ali manj močnem stiku s slovenščino, hkrati pa tudi z italijanščino, ki je za večino vsaj na določenih področjih rabe dominanten jezik, kar se med drugim zrcali v njihovih besedilih. Poleg študentske produkcije je analiza vključevala tudi besedila zamejskih pisateljev, v katerih najdemo nekatere podobne pojave kot v besedilih dvojezičnih tvorcev iz zamejstva nasploh, vključno s študenti. Izhajajoč iz tega gradiva, poskuša avtorica sistematično prikazati nekatere kontrastivno relevantne značilnosti italijanskega in slovenskega jezikovnega sistema, ki zadevajo vidike slovnice (ločila, besedni red, zaimki, predlogi, raba glagolskih oblik itd.) in idiomatike, ter tako postaviti morebitno delno osnovo za italijansko-slovensko besedilno slovnico.
Ključne besede: sistemske razlike med italijanščino in slovenščino | italijanščina in slovenščina v stiku | medjezikovni prenosi | besedilna produkcija študentov slovenščine in drugih dvojezičnih govorcev

Martina Ožbot: Some Contrastive Observations on Italian and Slovene, and Some Remarks on Language Production in Speakers of Slovene in Italy. Jezik in slovstvo. 1/2009. 25–47.
The paper presents some observations on systemic differences between Slovene and Italian which have been developed on the basis of the study of language production in students of Slovene, who mainly come from bilingual Slovene-Italian families. From early childhood, they have mostly been in very close contact with Slovene and at the same time with Italian. The latter is for many of them their primary language (at least for some communicative functions), which is also reflected in their use of Slovene. In addition to texts produced by students, the analysis includes texts by writers from the border region, in which various features can be found which are similar to those present in the texts written by students. Following from this analysis, the author singles out some contrastively relevant features of Italian and Slovene concerning aspects of grammar (punctuation, word order, pronouns, prepositions, the use of verb forms, etc.) and idiom, thus trying to sketch out a possible outline of an Italian-Slovene text grammar.
Keywords: systemic differences between Slovene and Italian | Italian and Slovene in contact | interlingual transfer | text production in a second/foreign language | literary production in a bilingual area



Eleonora Rossi: Večjezični možgani: učenje in izgubljanje jezikov. Jezik in slovstvo. 1/2009. 49–54.
Dvojezična afazija je raziskovalno področje, ki se šele razvija. Po eni strani obstaja le malo študij, v katerih so opisani primeri dvojezične afazije, čeprav je v klinični realnosti vse več primerov, ki potrebujejo strokovno pozornost. Po drugi strani pa so smernice za ocenjevanje in terapijo vse številčnejših primerov še zelo nedodelane. Namen tega prispevka je predstaviti zgodovinsko ozadje definicij dvojezične afazije in orisati relevantne teoretične modele. Na opisu študije primera bomo ponazorili obnovo jezikovnih sposobnosti v drugem jeziku pri dvojezični govorki z afazijo. Predlagali bomo nekaj splošnih smernic za zdravljenje.
Ključne besede: dvojezičnost | afazija | lokalizacija | spomin | selektivni priklic

Eleonora Rossi: The Multilingual Brain: Learning and Loosing Languages. Jezik in slovstvo. 1/2009. 49–54.
Bilingual aphasia is still a field of research under construction. On the one hand, there are considerably few studies which describe cases of bilingual aphasia, despite the fact that more and more cases need (and will need) attention in the clinical reality. On the other hand, the guidelines to deal with the assessment and the therapy of those increasing number of cases is still poor. The goal of this paper is to give a historical background of the definitions given about bilingual aphasia and outline the relevant theoretical models. The description of a single case study will be used to illustrate one case of recovery of the second language in a bilingual aphasic speaker. Some general guidelines for treatment will be proposed.
Keywords: bilingualism | aphasia | localization | memory | selective recovery



Damjana Kern: Vloga manjšinske šole pri ohranjanju slovenskega jezika in kulture. Jezik in slovstvo. 1/2009. 55–71.
Prispevek se posveča vlogi, ki jo ima manjšinska izobraževalna ustanova pri ohranjanju slovenskega jezika in kulture pri dijakih, ki se odločijo za šolanje na njej. Kot študija primera je bila izbrana Višja šola za gospodarske poklice v Št. Petru pri Št. Jakobu v Rožu, ki je razmeroma majhna manjšinskošolska ustanova s staro in bogato tradicijo, locirana na koroškem podeželju, poseljenem s pripadniki slovenske skupnosti in ima pomembno mesto v manjšinskem šolstvu na avstrijskem Koroškem. Šola izobražuje za poklice, ki jih zaledje šole potrebuje, v zadnjih letih se kot eden glavnih učinkov šole kaže usposobljenost dijakov za čezmejne gospodarske stike. Od vsega začetka je šola cenjena zaradi poudarka na večjezični in humanistični izobrazbi ter predvsem zaradi velikega prizadevanja za ohranjanje slovenskega jezika in kulture.
Ključne besede: narodne manjšine | manjšinsko šolstvo | avstrijska Koroška | koroški Slovenci

Damjana Kern: The Role of the Minority School in Preserving Slovene Language and Culture. Jezik in slovstvo. 1/2009. 55–71.
The article focuses on the role of the minority educational institution in the preservation of Slovene language and culture amongst pupils who decide to undertake their schooling in such an institution. The St Peter’s Economics High School in the immediate vicinity of St Jacob in Rož was selected as a case study. This is a relatively small minority schooling institution with a long and rich tradition. It is located in the Carinthian countryside inhabited by members of the Slovene community and it holds an important place in minority schooling in Austrian Carinthia, educating pupils for professions that the region requires. In recent years, one of the main achievements of the school has been the training of pupils for cross-border economic contacts. From the very beginning, the school has been valued for its emphasis on multi-lingual and humanistic education, and above all because for its substantial efforts to preserve Slovene language and culture.
Keywords: national minorities | minority schooling | Austrian Carinthia | Slovenes from Austrian Carinthia