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Številka 2/2015 ~ Issue 2/2015
Loredana Umek: Pripovedne značilnosti sodobne slovenske tržaške kratke proze (1990–2013). Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 3–15.
Članek analizira kratko prozo sodobnih slovenskih tržaških avtorjev, ki je izšla v zadnjem dvajsetletnem obdobju na Tržaškem. V pretresu so avtorski pripovedni svetovi, motivno-tematski in snovno-idejni vidiki, ki formalno in slogovno zaznamujejo vrstne značilnosti tržaške kratke proze. Gre za korpus literarno dovršenih besedil, ki osvetljujejo ne le dogajanje in življenje na Tržaškem, temveč tudi bivanjske krizne položaje in dileme sodobnega človeka. Obravnava se ne poglablja v kratkoprozno ustvarjanje pisateljev Borisa Pahorja, Alojza Rebule in Vladimirja Bartola, ker je njihova dela slovenska osrednja in tržaška literarna veda monografsko že obsežno profilirala.
Ključne besede: slovenska kratka proza, tržaški prostor, (avto)fikcija
The article analyses the short story narrative of contemporary Slovenian writers from Trieste published in the last twenty years in the Trieste region. It deals with the authors’ narrative worlds as well as the motivic-thematic and material-conceptual aspects that formally and stylistically define the characteristics of Trieste short stories. The works in question form a corpus of sophisticated literary texts that shed light not only on events and life in Trieste, but also on the existential crises and dilemmas of modern man. The article does not treat the short prose works of Boris Pahor, Alojz Rebula and Vladimir Bartol in detail, as their works have already been extensively monographically profiled in keySlovenian and Trieste literary studies.
Keywords: Slovenian short prose, Triestine space, (auto)fiction
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2015|2|3-15
Daniela Stekar: Sestavljene narodne identitete v romanu Eveline Umek Zlata poroka ali Tržaški blues. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 17–25.
Prispevek metodološko izhaja iz literarne imagologije in (avto)biografske metode. Preučevala sem roman Eveline Umek Zlata poroka ali Tržaški blues, v katerem sem zaznala številne literarne like s sestavljeno narodno identiteto. V ta namen sem najprej oblikovala tipologijo sestavljenih narodnih identitet, na osnovi katere sem tipološko opredelila literarne like. Pri tem sem izhajala iz osnovne razdelitve narodnih identitet postkolonialnega teoretika Homija K. Bhabhe in socialnega psihologa Johna W. Berryja. V nadaljevanju me je zanimalo, kakšna je podoba tržaških Slovencev s sestavljeno identiteto kot literarnih likov s fiksno slovensko identiteto. Ugotovila sem, da so liki, ki se v večji meri identificirajo s Slovenci, bolj pozitivni od likov, ki se v večji meri identificirajo z italijanskim narodom. Bolj se njihova identiteta približuje italijanski identiteti, bolj je njihova podoba prikazana v negativni luči.
Ključne besede: Evelina Umek, (avto)biografska metoda, imagologija, književnost Slovencev v Italiji
Daniela Stekar: Composite National Identities in the Novel The Golden Wedding or The Blues of Trieste (Zlata poroka ali tržaški blues) by Evelina Umek. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 17–25.
In terms of methodology, the present article is based on literary imagology and autobiographic methodology. The object of the study was Evelina Umek’s novel The Golden Wedding or The Blues of Trieste) (Zlata poroka ali Tržaški blues), in which many characters with a composite identity were identified. A composite national identity typology was defined and used as the basis for the typological definition of the literary subjects of the novel. The argumentation was based on the basic definitions of national identities by postcolonial theorist Homi K. Bhabha and social psychologist John W. Berry. The continuation focuses on the composite identity of the Slovenian fictional characters living in Trieste, comparing them with the fixed Slovenian identity type. It was concluded that the fictional characters who identify themselves more with Slovenes are depicted more positively than those predominantly assuming an Italian identity: the more Italian their identity, the more they are portrayed in a negative light.
Keywords: Evelina Umek, autobiographic method, imagology, the literature of Slovenes in Italy
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2015|2|17-25
Neža Gaberšček: Omejevanje svobodne misli na primeru slovenske in španske povojne dramatike. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 27–38.
Članek s primerjalnega vidika opiše gledališko situacijo v povojni Sloveniji in Španiji in predstavi slovensko in špansko povojno dramatiko, kritično do povojne oblasti. Na primerih konkretnih slovenskih in španskih dramskih del pokaže, da sta povojna slovenska in španska dramatika kljub geografski in ideološki oddaljenosti obravnavali podobne probleme, ki so nastali kot posledica povojnega režima. To so problem ideološkega enoumja in nasilja, težaven položaj intelektualca in umetnika, potreba oblasti po ohranjanju državnega sovražnika, ukalupljanje posameznika v sistem in odstranjevanje nasprotnikov režima.
Ključne besede: povojno gledališče, povojna dramatika, slovenska povojna dramatika, španska povojna dramatika
Neža Gaberšček: Limiting the Freedom of Thought: The Case of Slovenian and Spanish Post-War Drama. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 27–38.
The article provides a comparison of the situation of theatre in post-war Slovenia and Spain, presenting Slovenian and Spanish post-war drama, which was critical of the respective post-war governments. Specific Slovenian and Spanish dramatic works are used to demonstrate that, despite the geographical and ideological distance between them, post-war Slovenian and Spanish drama treated similar problems that emerged as a result of the post-war regime: problems of violence and ideological limitations on thought, the plight of the intellectual and the artist, the need of the authorities to preserve enemies of the state, the entrapment of the individual in the system, and the removal of opponents of the regime.
Keywords: post-war theatre, post-war drama, Slovenian post-war drama, Spanish post-war drama
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2015|2|27-38
Laura Brataševec: Tematika materinjenja v izbranih dramskih delih Simone Semenič. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 39–49.
Simona Semenič, dramatičarka, dramaturginja in producentka, je slovensko dramatiko obogatila s številnimi dramskimi deli, v katerih se na sicer že ustaljene tematike ozira z novega, drugačnega zornega kota. V njenih besedilih je posebej zanimiv prikaz materinstva oziroma materinjenja, ki se za razliko od številnih drugih dramatikov in dramatičark odmika od prevladujočih reprezentacij mater in opisov z materinstvom povezanih motivov. S kritičnostjo in čustvenostjo, ki prežemata njena besedila, je Simona Semenič ustvarila številne izjemne tekste, ki so doživeli večkratne uprizoritve.
Ključne besede: dramatika, Simona Semenič, materinstvo, materinjenje, ženski liki
Laura Brataševec: The Topic of Mothering in the Selected Drama Works of Simona Semenič. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 39–49.
Playwright, dramaturge and producer Simona Semenič has enriched Slovenian drama with many drama pieces conveying a new, different view of existing topics. Of a particular interest is a depiction of motherhood that moves away from the dominant presentations of the mother, as well as descriptions of motherhood-related motifs. This distinguishes Semenič from other male and female playwrights. The critical and emotional approach pervading all of her texts has led her to produce numerous remarkable works that have seen several performances.
Keywords: drama, Simona Semenič, motherhood, being a mother, female figures
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2015|2|39-49
Marjana Dolšina: Vzklitje slovenskega umetnostnozgodovinskega izrazja: terminološka podoba Flisovih Stavbinskih slogov. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 51–64.
Izoblikovanje strokovne terminologije je temeljni pogoj za uveljavitev in razvoj vsake znanstvene discipline, saj predstavlja ključno orodje za ubesedovanje teoretičnih spoznanj. Začetke neposrednih prizadevanj za vzklitje slovenske umetnostnozgodovinske terminologije lahko zasledimo v zadnji četrtini 19. stoletja. S pionirskim delom se je takrat spopadel duhovnik in umetnostni zgodovinar Janez Flis v svoji knjigi Stavbinski slogi. Ta prvič v slovenščini predstavlja celovit pregled razvoja arhitekture in hkrati ponuja obsežen nabor slovenskih strokovnih izrazov s tega področja, ki ga spremljajo že uveljavljeni termini iz tujih jezikov, pretežno iz nemščine. Analiza besedja, ki se nanaša na gotsko obokavanje, razkriva terminološko podobo slovenske umetnostne zgodovine na prvi stopnji razvoja, pred dokončno uveljavitvijo z ustoličenjem na ljubljanski univerzi leta 1919.
Ključne besede: umetnostna zgodovina, terminologija, znanstvena disciplina, Janez Flis, arhitektura, gotsko obokavanje
Marjana Dolšina: The Onset of Slovenian Terminology in Art History: The Terminological Image of Flis’s Building Styles. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 51–64.
The formation of professional terminology is a prerequisite for the consolidation and development of any scientific discipline. It represents an essential tool for the dissemination of theoretical knowledge. The very first efforts to create the terminology of Slovenian art history can be traced back to the last quarter of the 19th century. The groundbreaking work Building Styles) (Stavbinski slogi) was accomplished by priest and art historian Janez Flis. It contains a comprehensive overview of the development of architecture, while at the same time offering a wide range of Slovenian terminological expressions related to the field, accompanied by the established terms from foreign languages, mainly German. An analysis of the vocabulary relating to gothic vaulting systems reveals the state of terminology in Slovenian art history in the initial phase of its development, before it became established as an academic discipline and was formally acknowledged by the opening of a new department at the University of Ljubljana in 1919.
Keywords: art history, terminology, scientific discipline, Janez Flis, architecture, gothic vaulting systems
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2015|2|51-64
Andreja Žele: Konverzija v slovenščini. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 65–77.
Konverzija tako v slovenščini kot v drugih slovanskih jezikih ni le marginalen pojav. Širi se zlasti s prevzemanjem nove leksike, to velja tako za češčino kot za ruščino. Če prevzeta leksika tudi po prevzemu ostaja nepregibna, tudi v jeziku prejemniku ohranja ali poveča skladenjske možnosti in tako ohranja ali poveča tudi konverzne zmožnosti. Konverzija kot slovnični pojav je lahko najizčrpneje predstavljena v razlagalnem slovarju.
Ključne besede: konverzija, nova leksika, univerbizacija, homonimija
Andreja Žele: The Case of Conversion in Slovenian. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 65–77.
Conversion in Slovenian and other Slavonic languages is not merely a marginal phenomenon. It spreads mainly with borrowings. If the borrowed lexicon remains indeclinable even after it has been borrowed, it preserves or extends its syntactic possibilities and therefore preserves or extends conversion possibilities in the recipient language as well. As a grammatical phenomenon, conversion can be presented most thoroughly in an explanatory dictionary.
Keywords: conversion, new lexis, univerbisation, homonymy
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2015|2|65-77
Alojzija Zupan Sosič: Stičišča v »maturitetnih« romanih Otroške stvari in Otroštvo. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 79–94.
»Maturitetna« romana Otroške stvari (2003) Lojzeta Kovačiča (1928–2004) in Otroštvo (1983) Nathalie Sarraute (1902–1999) imata številna stičišča, ki sem jih v članku razdelila na zgodbena in pripovedna. Pri zgodbenih stičiščih si lahko pomagamo s skupnimi temami in podobnim položajem glavnega lika – otroka. Med skupnimi temami so npr. otroštvo, ljubezen, prijateljstvo, individualnost, ustvarjalnost, empatičnost, umetnost, domovina in jezik ter izobraževanje, skupne poteze Bubija in Nataše pa npr. individualnost, močna osebnost, bogata domišljija, odraščanje v dvojezičnem okolju, usodna zaznamovanost z nesoglasji med starši, nadarjenost za umetnost. Poleg zgodbenih stičišč je v romanu tudi veliko pripovednih: modernistična poetika, fragmentarnost, opis in dialog kot sredstvi posedanjenja pripovedi, esejizacija, otroška perspektiva in nezanesljivi pripovedovalec. Oba romana sta namreč modernistična avtobiografska in družinska romana, ki s poetiko fragmenta odstirata vzvode spomina; Kovačičev spomin deluje kot kopičenje opisov stvari, medtem ko ga Sarraute drami s tropizmi, tj. »reminiscenčnimi« besedami ali besednimi zvezami.
Ključne besede: stičišča, zgodba, pripoved, skupne teme, podobnost lika, fragmentarnost, pripovedni opis, dialog, nezanesljivi pripovedovalec, otroška perspektiva
Alojzija Zupan Sosič: Junctures of the Two “Matura” Novels: Things of Childhood and Childhood. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 79–94.
The novels for the matriculation examination, Otroške stvari (2003, Things of Childhood) by Lojze Kovačič (1928–2004) and Otroštvo (1983, Childhood) by Nathalie Sarraute (1902–1999) have many parallels, which are divided into story and narrative parallels in the present article. Story parallels are connected by collective topics and the similarity of the main character: a child. The two novels share (common) themes such as childhood, love, friendship, individuality, creativeness, empathy, art, homeland, language and education. The common features of Bubi and Nataša are individuality, a strong personality, a rich imagination and a talent for art, as well as suffering due to conflicts between their parents. Apart from the story parallels, there are also narrative parallels: the poetics of modernism, a fragmentary style, description and dialogue as a means of making narrative closer to the present, an “essay style”, the point of view of a child, and the unreliable narrator. Both novels are modernistic autobiographical novels and Bildungsromans, in which the protagonists’ memories are stimulated by the poetics of the fragment; Kovačič’s memory acts as an accumulation of descriptions, while Sarraute activates memory through so-called “tropismes” (reminiscent words).
Keywords: parallels, story, narrative, common topics, the similarity of the main characters, fragmentary style, narrative description, dialogue, the unreliable narrator, the point of view of a child
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2015|2|79-94
Igor Saksida: Cankarjevo tekmovanje v osnovni šoli: kaj menijo mentorice in mentorji? Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 95–111.
Članek v uvodnem delu razloči spontano in kritično branje, v osrednjem delu pa prikazuje odgovore osnovnošolskih učiteljev na vprašanja, povezana s cilji tekmovanja, vlogo mentorjev branja pri pripravi tekmovalcev ter primernostjo izbire besedil, z navodili za pisanje razlagalnega spisa in kriteriji za njihovo ocenjevanje. Kritično branje izhaja iz zasnove komunikacijskega pouka književnosti, ki bralni dogodek (pouk oz. tekmovanje) opredeljuje kot prehajanje od spontanega k poglobljenemu branju, pri čemer ima pomembno vlogo učitelj književnosti. Mentorji Cankarjevega tekmovanja kot najpomembnejše označujejo cilje, povezane z bralno motivacijo, razvijanjem branja ter z individualizacijo in diferenciacijo pouka slovenščine. Med dejavnostmi kot osrednje pojmujejo kritično branje izhodiščnih besedil, poglobljeno branje navodil za pisanje ter aktualizacijo besedil. Navodila in kriteriji za vrednotenje razlagalnih spisov se jim zdijo primerni, bolj podrobni bi zaradi večje objektivnosti lahko bili na šolskem tekmovanju.
Ključne besede: Cankarjevo tekmovanje, kritično branje, vloga mentorja, cilji tekmovanja, dejavnosti tekmovalcev in mentorjev
Igor Saksida: The Cankar Award Contest and Primary School: What Do Mentors Make of It? Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 95–111.
After outlining the distinction between spontaneous and critical reading in the introduction, the article discusses the responses of primary school teachers gathered in a questionnaire related to an optional form of reading competence assessment known as the Cankar Award Contest: the role of mentors, the range and suitability of the literary texts, the essay titles and criteria for the assessment of pupils’ answers. Critical reading is related to a communication approach to literature that defines “a reading event” as a transition from a subjective to a critical response to literature, a process in which the teacher’s involvement is essential. Mentors of the Cankar Award Contest stress the importance of goals related to reading motivation and the development of reading competence, together with the individualisation of approaches to language teaching. When discussing classroom activities, they list critical reading of literary works, in-depth understanding of reading tasks and the topicalisation of literary messages as the most important components of a reading event. They find both reading tasks and reading criteria very appropriate; in their opinion, however, the criteria should be somewhat more precise at the first level of the contest.
Keywords: the Cankar Award Contest, critical reading, the mentor’s role, goals, the activities of mentors and pupils
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2015|2|95-111
Lara Godec Soršak: Zahtevnost izpitne pole 1 pri slovenščini na poklicni maturi 2002–2013. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 113–123.
V članku so predstavljene ugotovitve, ki temeljijo na pregledu poročil o poklicni maturi od leta 2002 do 2013. Osredotočili smo se na pisni del izpita iz slovenščine, in sicer na razčlembo neumetnostnega besedila, in ugotavljali, katere naloge v prvi izpitni poli povzročajo kandidatom največ težav in čemu bi bilo treba pri pouku slovenščine v srednji šoli posvečati več pozornosti.
Ključne besede: poročilo o poklicni maturi, predmetni izpitni katalog, izpitna pola, razčlemba neumetnostnega besedila, ustni del izpita, pouk slovenščine
Lara Godec Soršak: The Degree of Difficulty of Test Paper 1 for Slovenian in the Vocational Matura Exam 2002–2013. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 113–123.
The paper presents findings based on reports on the Vocational Matura from 2002 to 2013, focusing on Test Paper 1 of the written exam in the Slovenian language. The goal is to identify which exercises in Test Paper 1 cause the most problems for candidates, in order to determine which activities deserve more attention in Slovenian language classes in high school.
Keywords: report on the Vocational Matura, subject syllabus, the first test paper, written exam, oral exam, teaching Slovenian
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2015|2|113-123
Boštjan Kernc: Preoblikovanje slovenske narodne identitete v diskurzu slovenskih medijskih besedil v prvih letih po drugi svetovni vojni. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 125–139.
Članek predstavlja prikazovanje in dojemanje pojma slovenski narod, njegove vloge v družbi, njegovega značaja in s tem značaja slovenske narodne identitete v prvih petih letih po drugi svetovni vojni v dnevnem časopisju, pri čemer primerjalno posega tudi v besedila predvojnih časopisov. Precej pozornosti namenja korpusnemu pristopu in analizi diskurzivnih elementov, pomembnih pri oblikovanju narodne identitete. Ugotavljamo, da je narodna identiteta diskurzivni konstrukt, na katerega močno vplivajo zgodovinske in politične okoliščine. Najznačilnejša diskurzivna praksa v raziskovanem obdobju je prelom s preteklostjo in preoblikovanje slovenskega narodnega značaja iz pasivnega in podredljivega v aktivnega in neodvisnega, kar izhaja predvsem iz dogodkov med NOB in prekrivanjem nacionalne in razredne identitete. Preoblikovanje se izkazuje predvsem v treh metaforičnih konceptih, ki predpostavljajo narod kot homogeno celoto: narod kot organizem, iz katerega se izločajo bolni deli, narod kot človek, ki dozoreva in spreminja svoj značaj, ter narod oz. domovina kot stavba, ki se gradi na novo.
Ključne besede: medijski in politični diskurz, slovenska narodna identiteta, druga svetovna vojna
Boštjan Kernc: The Transformation of Slovenian National Identity as Reflected in the Discourse of Slovenian Media Texts in the Years Immediately Following World War II. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 125–139.
The present article discusses the depiction and perception of the idea of the Slovenian nation, its character and its role in society in the first five years following World War II, as projected in the daily newspapers of the time, thus shedding light on Slovenian national identity traits. At the same time, parallels are drawn with the content of pre-war newspapers. The article focuses on a corpus-based approach and the analysis of discursive elements that play a significant role in national identity formation. We establish that national identity is a discursive construct that is greatly influenced by historical and political circumstances. The discursive practice most commonly found in the period in question reflects a breaking away from the past and a transformation of the Slovenian national character from being passive and subservient to being active and independent. This was mainly initiated by events in the time of the National Liberation Movement (NOB), and by the intersection of national identity and class identity. The transition can be observed primarily on the basis of three metaphorical concepts of a nation as a homogeneous whole: a nation as an organism that eliminates morbid, disease-causing parts; a nation as a human being with an ability to change his/her character traits and mature; and a nation and homeland respectively as a building under reconstruction.
Keywords: media and political discourse, Slovenian national identity, World War II
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2015|2|125-139
Ocene in poročila/Reviews and Reports
Saška Štumberger
Senahid Halilović and Amra Halilović: Bosansko-slovenski rječnik/Bosansko-slovenski slovar. Sarajevo: Slavistički komite; Ljubljana: Kulturno-izobraževalni center Averroes, 2014
Fedora Ferluga – Petronio
Ob izidu antologije Alojza Gradnika Eros-Thanatos (spremna beseda, izbor, prevod in ur. Fedora Ferluga - Petronio), Trst: Založba tržaškega tiska – Editoriale stampa triestina, 2013 / On the Publication of the Eros-Thanatos Monograph by Alojz Gradnik (foreword, selection, translation and editing by Fedora Ferluga-Petronio), Trst: Založba tržaškega tiska – Editoriale stampa triestina, 2013
Barbara Pregelj, Marija Uršula Geršak
Izobraževanje mentoric in mentorjev branja na Baskovski univerzi v Donostii/San Sebastiánu / Educating Mentors of Reading at the University of the Basque Country in Donostia- -San Sebastián
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2015|2|141-152
Matej Šekli, Katja Mihurko Poniž: V branje vam priporočamo. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 153.
Matej Šekli, Katja Mihurko Poniž: Recommended Readings. Jezik in slovstvo. 2/2015. 153.
PDF: http://www.jezikinslovstvo.com/pdf.php?part=2015|2|153